Clinical and morphological manifestations of acute hepatitis in fish

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine", Saint-Petersburg, Russia

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Abstract

This study analyzed the modeling of acute toxic hepatitis in fish using phenol as an inducing agent under controlled experimental conditions. The effects of phenol exposure at a concentration of 4 mg/L for 48 hours on two-year-old goldfish were investigated. The formation of experimental and control groups of fish, followed by maintenance under standardized aquarium conditions, was studied. Blood sampling from the tail vein and liver collection after euthanasia for comprehensive analysis were determined. Biochemical testing of whole blood, including assessment of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activity, was performed. Changes in total bile acid levels, a diagnostically significant indicator of liver function, were identified. Histomorphological analysis of the liver, including preparation and examination of tissue sections, was studied. The development of vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes as the main morphological sign of acute hepatitis in fish was established. A combination of biochemical and morphological changes characterizing the pathological process in the liver was identified. A comprehensive description of the clinical and morphological manifestations of induced hepatitis in fish in an experimental model is presented.