Table 1.
Determined properties of briquettes based on sweet sorghum biomass and typical standards’ requirements.
| Parameter | Briquette type | Standard requirements* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S0 | SW1 | SW2 | Typical | Property class2 | ||
| variations1 | A | B | ||||
| Moisture content, a.r., % | 7.7 | 7.3 | 7.9 | - | < 12 | < 15 |
| Ash content, d.b, % | 3.9 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2-10 | < 6 | < 10 |
| Volatile matter, d.b. % | 70.8 | 76.3 | 75.5 | - | - - | |
| GCV d.b., MJ kg-1 | 18.9 | 19.7 | 19.5 | 16.6-20.1 | - - | |
| GCV a.r., MJ kg-1 | 17.7 | 18.6 | 18.2 | - | - - | |
| NCV d.b., MJ kg-1 | 17.7 | 18.4 | 18.2 | 15.8-19.1 | - - | |
| NCV a.r., MJ kg-1 | 16.3 | 17.1 | 16.7 | - | > 14.5 | > 14.5 |
| Length, mm | 77.4 | 49.4 | 51.7 | < 50 to >400 | - - | |
| Diameter, mm | 66.9 | 66.1 | 66.8 | 25 to >125 | - - | |
| Mechanical durability, % | 90.5 | 94.1 | 95.1 | <90 to > 95 | - - | |
| Briquettes density (kg m-3) | 617.5 | 745.9 | 645.5 | - | - - | |
| C, d.b. % | 43.1 | 45.7 | 45.4 | 41-50 | - - | |
| H, d.b. % | 5.27 | 6.02 | 6.08 | 5.4-6.5 | - - | |
| O, d.b. % | 37.3 | 39.0 | 38.9 | 36-45 | - - | |
| N, d.b. % | 0.61 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 0.2-1.5 | < 1.5 | < 2.0 |
| S, d.b. % | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.03 | < 0.05 to 0.2 | < 0.20 | < 0.30 |
| Cl, d.b. % | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.08 | < 0.1 to 1.2 | < 0.10 | < 0.30 |
Typical variations were obtained from European standard for solid biofuels EN 14961-1 (2010) - for virgin straw materials, with or without insignificant amounts of grains;
Specification of graded non-woody briquettes for property classes A and B according to EN ISO 17225-7 (2014);
a.r. – as received; d.b. – dry basis; S0 – pure sweet sorghum briquettes, SW1 – mixed briquettes from sweet sorghum and wood sawdust (1:1); SW2 – mixed briquettes from sweet sorghum and wood shavings (1:1).
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.