Digital transformation of business processes in aic: starting conditions and priorities

. The article examines the starting conditions for digital transformation in agriculture in Russia, identifies the main stages in the history of the development of agricultural production. The author studied the regulatory documents on digital transformation, the components of the Central Information and Analytical System of State Information Support for Agriculture, analyzed the current state of the use of complex digital agricultural solutions by agricultural producers. It also assesses the achieved target i ndicators of the departmental project «Digital Agriculture», identifies trends in their change over the period. Drivers for the development of digital transformation of the agro-industrial complex in Russia have been formed and presented.


Introduction
Currently, digitalization is a priority area for the development of agriculture in Russia, since, starting in 2019, the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation has begun to implement the sectoral program «Digital Agriculture» [1].
Digital transformation is the process of integrating digital technologies into all aspects of business activities, requiring fundamental changes in technology, culture, operations and the principles of creating new products and services. Thus, digital transformation is not only investment in new technologies (artificial intelligence, blockchain, data analysis and the Internet of Things), but also a deep transformation of products and services, organization structure, development strategy, customer relations and corporate culture.
The main trajectories of digital transformation in agriculture are as follows: − at the national level: functioning of digital platforms of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, predictive analytics based on big data, with tools of a distributed ledger, artificial intelligence; − at the regional level: smart sectoral planning, smart contracts; − at the agribusiness level: mass implementation of complex digital agro-solutions, mass acquisition of digital competencies by specialists of agricultural enterprises.

Methods
During the study, the following regulatory documents were studied: -Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 204 of May 7, 2018 «On national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024» [2]; -The program «Digital Economy of the Russian Federation» (Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 28, 2017 No. 1632-R) [3].
The main conclusions of the study were based on a statistical analysis of official data from the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, as well as data from a survey of agricultural organizations in the Saratov region on the use of existing and implementation of new complex digital agricultural solutions.

Results
The process of digitalization of agriculture at the level of collection and accumulation of information can be represented in the form of a diagram ( Figure 1). The analysis showed that the use of certain elements of digital agriculture is taking place at a rapid pace, especially in those areas where scientifically grounded systems for supporting agrobioprocesses already existed and operated ( farming systems, systems for accounting and assessing land use, systems for assessing technosphere factors, accounting and management systems. The low percentage of coverage of regional systems of the agro-industrial complex on deep processing of products (58%) and the use of programs for processing Big Data (57%) is associated with high costs, in the first case, the purchase and acquisition of equipment, in the second case, with a shortage of specialists in Big Data.
Despite such starting positions in the field of digitalization of agriculture, tasks were set to achieve the following targets within the framework of the Digital Agriculture project (  ,5) 7 (5) 10 (7) 15 (10) 25 (20) The share of specialists of agricultural enterprises who have undergone retraining and have competencies in the field of the digital economy to work with digital products and technologies,% The analysis of target indicators indicates that by 2023 all regions of Russia will introduce digital sectoral planning of agricultural production based on the digital platform «Digital Agriculture», the process of forming resources in Big Data will also be completed, while the growth of labor productivity will be 190-200%.
The issue of training and retraining specialists of agricultural enterprises in the field of the digital economy to work with digital products and technologies will remain problematic.
To assess the results of the implementation of the Digital Agriculture program, the community of leaders of the agricultural industry «Smart Farming Club», within the framework of the plenary session «Practical tools for sustainable development of digitalization in the agro-industrial complex» of the exhibition «Golden Autumn», announced the start of the project «Rating of digital maturity of the agro-industrial complex» ... The project is being implemented with the participation of an independent consultant KPMG and expert support from Sberbank of Russia.
According to the methodology, at the first stage of the rating, it is planned to fill out questionnaires by its participants on the official website of the project. Agricultural enterprises will have to provide not only information about the digital solutions they use, but also about the strategic vision for the development of digitalization in their companies, as well as the level of qualifications and knowledge of personnel in the field of high technologies and other data. The constituent entities of the Russian Federation will present a report on their use of digital technologies, plans and prospects for its further development, measures to create favorable conditions for digital transformation, as well as the competences of specialized departments in the direction of digitalization, work on training young personnel for the agro-industrial complex.

VVRD 2021
The organizers of the project expect that more than 15 thousand domestic agricultural enterprises and all constituent entities of the Russian Federation will take part in the formation of the rating [4].
As a significant result of the implementation of the «Digital Agriculture» program in 2021, one can call the commissioning of the GIS «Single Window» into industrial operation, where the verified data of the regional authorities of the agro-industrial complex is collected. Based on the data received from the information systems of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, other federal executive bodies and control and supervisory bodies that have integration interaction with the GIS «Single Window» and create tools and models for forecasting industry indicators. [4] At present, in monetary terms, the IT market in agriculture is estimated by experts at more than 360 billion rubles. According to forecasts of the Ministry of Agriculture, it should grow 3-5 times in the next 10-15 years. According to the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, the comprehensive digitalization of agricultural production will allow farmers to reduce costs by 23%, reduce crop losses, which, if the means of production are ineffectively used, can be up to 40% [5].

Discussion
As a result of ongoing research in the field of digitalization in agriculture, as drivers for the development of digital transformation of the agro-industrial complex in Russia, it is already possible to name a high degree of cooperation between digital service providers for this complex and the almost absence of competition, the presence of large agricultural holdings; government measures to develop the digital economy.
We agree with the opinion of experts who believe that the obstacles to digital transformation of the agricultural sector are: lack of specialized IT specialists; insufficient financial opportunities for large-scale modernization; digital inequality between cities and villages; foreign origin of most information resources [6,7].
However, given the favorable starting conditions and the rapid pace of development of digitalization in Russia, the main "points of application" of digital technologies in the agrifood industry can be identified: increasing crop yields and animal productivity; lower production costs; increasing labor productivity; timely response to climate change; reduction of transaction costs in sales by building a transparent supply chain of products from the field to the consumer; minimization of management risks; reducing the shortage of qualified specialists; informatization of rural producers; simplification of access to borrowed funds; gaining access to digital distribution channels for agricultural producers.

Conclusion
Thus, at the time of the transformation of business processes in the agro-industrial complex, there was a technological basis of Russian origin, that is, the agricultural digitalization project practically did not depend on the foreign IT sphere. In addition, the domestic agricultural sector at the end of 2019-2021, demonstrates positive results despite the impact of sanctions and the pandemic. We believe that in this situation, the transition to smart agriculture technologies allows Russia to become one of the guarantors of global food security.