Significance of the family Braconidae in regulating moth population in agrobiocenosis

. This article discusses the importance of representatives of the Braconidae family in regulating the number of harmful moths in various agrobiocenoses. In order to determine the species composition and biological features of the development of the entomophage in the Tashkent region, samples of eggs, larvae and butterflies occurring moth. Along with this, moth larvae affected by entomophages were collected and determined by which entomophage they were affected. As a result, in 2015-2016, 527 infected moth larvae were detected, of which 381 larvae were affected by species of the family Braconidae , the rest 146 by other entomophages. Of the braconids, 17 species were noted. The identified species include Apanteles pallipes Reinh, Apanteles ruficrus Hal., Apanteles telengai Tobias ., Apanteles kazak Tel., Apanteles vanessae Reinh, Мeteorus rubens Nees., Microgaster mediator Hal ., Microgaster sordipes Nees, Microgaster vidua Ruthe., Macrocentrus collaris Spin., Bracon hebetor Say, Bracon radialis Tel., Bracon telengai Mul.


Introduction
Representatives of the Braconidae family occupy a prominent place in the system of biological plant protection [1]. The parasite of caterpillars of harmful Lepidoptera Bracon (Bracon hebetor Say) is annually used in our republic against moth on an area of 1.8 million hectares and multiplies in more than 850 biological laboratories [2]. The quality of breeding technology and species composition affect its effectiveness in regulating abundance. Many world researchers paid attention to the development of bracon and its species composition [3][4][5].
According to Kopanevani [3], among the parasitic entomophages, the Braconidae family is the most richly represented in the species composition, since about 3000 species develop on the territory of the CIS [1][2][3]6].
The Indian scientist Lal in the 40s of the last century pointed out that despite the absence of external differences between Bracon hebetor and B. brevicornis, the same pests feed on different species [7]. Also, Puttarudria and Chana Basavanna pointed out that the species Bracon hebetor and B. brevicornis do not differ in their genitalia and can interbreed, leaving fertile offspring, despite this they belong to different species [8]. Since 1956, it has been customary in India to classify existing Bracon species as Bracon hebetor [1,2,4].
Kimsanbaev [1][2][3][4] carried out deep studies on the mass reproduction of bracons in the laboratory and obtained good results. He received 4 compositions of nutritious food for breeding bracon in the biolaboratory.

Materials and methods
The studies were carried out in horticultural, vegetable farms, on crops of corn and cotton in Kibrai, Bekabad, Buka and Akkurgan districts of the Tashkent region of Uzbekistan. In order to determine the species composition and biological features of the development of the entomophage, we collected samples of eggs, larvae and butterflies found moth. Along with this, moth larvae affected by entomophages were collected and determined by which entomophage they were affected. As a result, it was found that 95% of moth larval lesions were on Bracon hebetor.
The research was carried out in 2015-2016. The collected samples were placed separately in test tubes (50-HRP), delivered, and developed under favorable conditions of the biolaboratory [3,5].
The systematic affiliation of the affected larvae and the entomophage that flew out of it was determined. The mean and maximum values of parasite species and their population density were calculated.
To obtain moth eggs, the butterflies were placed in 3 liter jars inside which black rags of matter were introduced and oviposition was noted within 24 hours. Along with this, to determine the biological features of development and species, moth larvae were individually placed in test tubes (50-HP), fed with a softened mass of mung bean seeds, the time of transition to the pupal phase and the emergence of butterflies was noted.
The most common in agrocenoses were: cotton moth, winter moth, gamma moth, and wild moth. Depending on the crop, cotton moth, winter moth, wild moth, alfalfa moth, and gamma moth have been frequently observed on cotton. On tomato crops: cotton moth, gamma moth, black moth, garden or excellent moth, arbon moth, tobacco moth, winter moth, and circuflex moth. On corn: cotton moth, moth leokani, winter moth, moth-gamma, exclamation moth. Mung beans and beans are damaged by winter moth, cotton moth, caradryna, moth-gamma, wild moth, tobacco moth, and excellent moth. Moth composition data are shown in Tables 1 and 2. According to our observations, moth larvae are most severely affected by parasites during the year in July, August, September and October. In other periods, the defeat of larvae is less noticeable, mainly infected larvae of young ages were noted. Mainly older larvae of Helicoverpа armigera. Hbn, Heliothis virihlaca Hufn, Noctua arbona Hnfn, Leucania loreyi Dup., Аgrotis segetum Den. species were affected.

Conclusions
It follows from our study that representatives of the Braconidae family, parasites of harmful moth, are of great importance for obtaining environmentally friendly products in agrobiocenoses. In the regulation of their numbers, a large place is given to the prevalence of parasites, the volume of their population, and species composition.
We have identified more than 30 species of parasitic entomophages of the main phytophages of cotton agrobiocenosis. Of the most frequently encountered species were braconid species. Of the total number of entomophages, braconids accounted for 29. 2%