Determining the health of children and adolescents

. The health of children and adolescents is formed during the period of growth and development under the influence of a complex of important internal factors and external influences. The health of children and adolescents is determined not only by the presence or absence of diseases, but also by age-appropriate development, as well as the normal state of the main indicators of the body. To characterize the health status of children and adolescents, taking into account the prevalence of diseases and pathological lesions, the following indicators are widely used: detection of morbidity by direction, health index, episodic morbidity, the number of frequently ill children and pathological lesions.


Introduction
The state of health of children and adolescents determines the future, economic potential and defense of the state Biological factors that negatively affect the health of children of all age groups include maternal morbidity, complications of pregnancy and childbirth.
Health groups of children and adolescents. Group 1: A group of healthy children. Group 2: Healthy children's group. (there are some functional and morphological changes, a decrease in resistance to acute and chronic diseases).
Group 3: Chronic diseases during the compensation period. Group 4: Chronic diseases in the period of subcompensation. Group 5: During the period of chronic decompensation. The number of chronic diseases in children and adolescents is on the rise. For example: diseases of the nervous system, nutritional and metabolic disorders, respiratory diseases, STIs, urinary incontinence, diseases of the digestive system. These diseases can lead to temporary job loss among the elderly, as well as increased disability and death.
General data on morbidity (upon requests) are obtained from the instructions of special statistical observations published by the regional departments of statistics of the republic [1].
The aim of our study was a comprehensive identification and assessment of the quality of life of children and adolescents associated with health and well-being in large cities of the Fergana region. In the course of the study, data from routine medical examinations of children and adolescents in terms of the frequency of complaints, data obtained from the child's medical records were studied and recorded.

Results
When studying the incidence of children and adolescents aged 0-17 years in the Fergana and Kuvasoy regions for the first 6 months of 2021, 4229 people in Fergana ( According to the data, in the city of Fergana, respiratory diseases occupy a leading place with 61.9%, followed by diseases of the digestive system and hematopoiesis with 12.8% and 12.3%.
Diseases of children and adolescents in Kuvasoy are as follows: -Infectious diseases1.0% -Endocrine diseases1.2% -Diseases of the blood. 20.1% -Diseases of the nervous system 10.1% -Eye diseases 4.4% -Ear diseases 2.7% -Saturation system diseases 0.3% -Respiratory diseases 26.3% -Diseases of the digestive system 12.5% -Urinary tract infection 6.0% -Congenital anomalies 0.9% -Diseases of the perinotal circulation 0.6% -Injuries and poisoning accounted for 1.4%. The 6-month structure of the incidence of children and adolescents in the city of Kuvasoy, Fergana region in 2021.  According to the data obtained in the city of Kuvasoy, diseases of the respiratory organs are in the lead with 26.3%, followed by diseases of the hematopoietic organs with 20.1% and digestive diseases with 12.5% [2][3][4].
The results obtained show that the incidence of respiratory diseases in children in the city of Kuvasoy is 35.6% higher than in children in the city of Fergana. Diseases of the hematopoietic organs are 7.8% more common than in Fergana.
An analysis of the color distribution of diseases among children and adolescents showed that respiratory diseases rank first in all age groups. Among preschoolers, not only infectious, but also diseases of the digestive system and hematopoiesis are common [3,[5][6][7][8][9][10].
As children grow older, the composition of the disease also changes. The composition of the incidence is not the same in all children's and youth institutions and depends on various factors. Comprehensively working to reduce general morbidity and improve the health of children and adolescents, the medical worker should focus on reducing infectious diseases and preventing injuries, since they are one of the main causes of child mortality and disability. Thus, one of the main tasks of medical prevention is the study and elimination of negative factors affecting the body of children in the preservation and strengthening of the health of the younger generation [11][12][13] According to the results of the study, an in-depth study of quality of life indicators implies the inclusion of adolescents in the outpatient network in activities for a comprehensive study of the health status of adolescents [5].

Conclusions
In a word, we consider it a priority, in our opinion, to preserve and strengthen the health of children.
1. Further development of children's health care, medical and social support for children and adolescents.
2. Creation and improvement of an innovative system of preventive pediatrics.
3. Carry out in-depth monitoring of morbidity, disability and mortality of the child population of the Fergana region.
4. Advanced training of doctors and pediatricians working at the lower levels of medicine in developed countries.