Analysis of the Quality of 4G Networks on the Island of Mantang with Drive Test Method

. Network quality continues to grow as more and more people rely on outdoor networks for various purposes, from accessing the internet, making phone calls, sharing social media, and playing online games. Mantang island has considerable potential to be developed as a tourism destination. In addition to the potential for tourism, the island of Mantang also has a large fishery potential. Retrieval of network quality data on Mantang island using the drive test method with the G-NetTrack Pro application. Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurement results show that Telkomsel has the worst point with a value of -126 dBm and the best point with a value of -68 dBm. Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) measurement results show that Telkomsel has a bad point with a value of -17dB and the best point with a value of -7 dB while. The SINR measurement results show that Telkomsel has a bad point with a value of -5dB and the best point with a value of 17 dB Based on these data, signal strength is superior to Telkomsel's signal strength.


Introduction
The development of GSM operators in Indonesia began in 1994.the first service established was Satelindo (Satelit Palapa Indonesia) through cooperation between Telkom And Indosat.Telkomsel was established as the second national GSM operator in 1995.Furthermore, developed several other GSM operators, such as XL, Tri, and Smartfren [1].The development of operators in Indonesia is also increasingly sophisticated in its application, such as increasing the signal quality of each operator, from 2G to 3G and 4G networks used today.This 4G network really needs all digital devices, very different from the technology used today.In short, 4G mobile devices and services will turn wireless communication into a real-time network.4G technology allows people to have instant access to specific location services that provide information on demand very quickly and at low cost [2].
The quality of networking continues to improve as more and more people use outdoor networking for a variety of purposes, from accessing the internet, making phone calls, sharing social media, and playing online games.The quality of the outdoor network ensures stable connections in outdoor areas such as streets and public areas [3].
Measurement of quality service on 4G networks using Drive-Test Methode and Android-Based applications to analyze measrurement results by using Key Performance Indicator (KPI) based on books, articles, and journals in the field using measurement methods using the G-NetTrack Pro application to conduct drive test and to measure Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), sinr.The test drive method in telecommunications is carried out outdoors (outdoor) using a car or motorcycle [4].The advantage of the test drive is to collect real-time measurement data of a network from the direction of Node B to the UE (user equipment), so that it can be seen how the quality of the signal generated from the network [5].
Research on network quality in the Riau islands was conducted by Irawan [6].this study was conducted in Tanjung Balai Karimun, using the G-NetTrack Pro application to test Telkomsel, Indosat, and Axis operators.the method used is the test drive method.the measurement results show that Telkomsel operators are better than Axis and Indosat operators.in addition, bagas et al., [7] conducted network quality research in siantan district using the G-NetTrack Pro application with the drive test method and tested Telkomsel, Axis, and Smartfren operators.the measurement results show that Telkomsel is better than XL-Axiata and Smartfren.as for the test of network quality on the island of Mantang has not been done, then conducted research on network quality on the island of Mantang.
Mantang island is one of the tourist attractions in Bintan regency, Riau Islands province.Mantang district is one of the youngest districts in Bintan regency.this subdistrict is the result of the expansion of the East Bintan sub-district which is part of the Bintan regency (regional regulation no.12/2007).Mantang island has considerable potential to be developed as a tourism destination.in addition to tourism potential, Mantang island also has considerable fisheries potential.with the rapid development of information and communication technology today.Mantang district has 2 bts (base transceiver station) provider Telkomsel.the lack of network quality other than Telkomsel makes people not use these providers [8].
Researchers have conducted surveys on the quality of the network to the people of Mantang island directly down to the field and online surveys.the results of the survey obtained that there has been no research related to 4G networks on Mantang island, then the best network used by 4G users is Telkomsel and Axis in the category of quite good.based on the background that has been described, the researchers conducted a network quality analysis with the title "4G network quality analysis on Mantang island with the drive test method".
Research conducted by Farida & Yunianto [9] aims to obtain real network quality information in field.The parameters measured to determine the quality of 4G network in this study are SINR, RSRP, and RSRQ.Measurement located in Tanjungpinang using drive test methode that starts from Jl. Ali Haji-Jl.Basuki Rahmat-Jl.Wiratno-Jl.Soekarno Hatta-Jl.Yos Sudarso-Jl.Usman Harun-Jl.POS-Jl.Burn The Stone -Jl.Brigadier General Katamso-Jl.MT Haryono.The measurement results of Telkomsel'S 4G network showed a value of Reference Signal Received POWER (RSRP) -83.48 dBm, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) -11.18 dB, SINR 6.71 dB.
Research conducted by Yafiz et al., [10] that analyzed comparisons network performance of 4G LTE between the two providers to be able to find out how the 4G-LTE network performance by Smartfren and Indosat Ooredoo by measuring 4G LTE signal parameters such as RSRP, RSSI, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) and SNR.The parameters measured by the G-Net Track Pro application with drive test method.The best distance values of Smartfren service providers are Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) -64 dBm, RSSI -63 dBm, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) -7 dB and SNR 25 dB in the Uteun Bay Area, while the worst values are in the Kampung Kota area.Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)-108dBm, RSSI-67dBm, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ)-11db and SNR 8.6 dB.Indosat Ooredoo had the best performance in the Uteun Bay Area with an Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) of -78 dBm, RSSI -66 dBm, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) -8 dB and SNR of 20.4 dB, while the worst value was in the Kampung Jawa Baru area with an Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP).-104dBm, RSSI-73dBm, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ)-14dB and SNR 2.8 dB.After processing and analyzing the data, it can be said that the strength of the 4G-LTE network of the cellular operator Smartfren is better than the network of the cellular operator Indosat Ooredoo.

Methods
Figure 1 is a flow chart of research in analyzing the quality of 4G signals.The study began by determining the location and retrieval of the necessary data, namely Mantang Besar Village and Mantang Lama Village and then determine the operator to be used and then perform data retrieval using a vehicle based on a predetermined route.The results of the measurements are then processed using Excel and statistical data processing applications.The data from the signal quality measurement is then analyzed based on the RSRP, RSRQ, and SINR parameters to determine the signal quality.

Network Quality Survey
Before starting the test drive method, data collection related to providers used by the community on Mantang Island is first carried out.Researchers managed to collect 35 respondents who have or are using internet provider services on Mantang Island as shown in Figure 2 shows that of the 35 respondents answered that the provider used today is Telkomsel as much as 54.3%; Axis/Xl as much as 22.9%; Indosat as much as 20%; and 2.8% all exist.In Figure 3, The opinions of 35 respondents using the current provider 51.4% stated that the network quality is good; 22.9% that the network quality is quite good; 14.3% that the network quality is not good; 8.6% that the network quality is very good; and 2.8% that the network is not good.

Network quality based on KPI standards
Network quality based on KPI standards there are 3, namely Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), and SINR.The measurement results of these values using G-net Track Pro with drive test method.

1st measurement
Measurement 1 parameter Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) operator Telkomsel (Figure 4) seen from the color and the range of values obtained colors dominated by Green and light blue.This means that the data obtained ranged from -90 dBm to-81dBm (green) and -100 dBm to-91dBm (light blue).The line graph of RSRP parameters in Figure 5 shows that Telkomsel has the worst point coordinates 104.556183, 0.789535 with a value of -126 dBm and the best point coordinates 104.560330, 0.78989 with a value of -68 dBm.

2nd measurement
Measurement of parameters of Telkomsel operator RSRP (Figure 6) seen from the color and range of values obtained by Telkomsel operator RSRP color is dominated by Green and light blue, meaning that the data obtained ranges from -90 dBm to-81dBm (green) and -100 dBm to-91dBm (light blue).The line graph of RSRP parameters in Figure 7 shows that Telkomsel has the worst point coordinates 104.557485, 0.785505 with a value of -116 dBm and the best point coordinates 104.560336, 0.789888 with a value of -68 dBm.

3rd measurement
Measurement of 3 parameters of Telkomsel operator RSRP (Figure 8) seen from the color and range of values obtained by Telkomsel operator RSRP color is dominated by Green and light blue, meaning that the data obtained ranges from -90 dBm to-81dBm (green) and -100 dBm to-91dBm (light blue).The line graph of the RSRP parameter in Figure 9 shows that Telkomsel has a bad point coordinates 104.559665, 0.79321 with a value of -117 dBm and the best point coordinates 104.560378, 0.789934 with a value of -70 dBm.

4th measurement
Measurement of 4 parameters of Telkomsel operator RSRP (Figure 10) seen from the color and range of values obtained by Telkomsel operator RSRP color is dominated by Green and light blue, meaning that the data obtained ranges from -90 dBm to-81dBm (green) and -100 dBm to-91dBm (light blue).The line graph of RSRP parameter in Figure 11 shows that Telkomsel has a bad point coordinates 104.559513, 0.793155 with a value of -113 dBm and the best point coordinates 104.560326, 0.789883 with a value of -66 dBm.

5th measurement
Measurement of 5 parameters of Telkomsel operator RSRP (Figure 12) seen from the color and range of values obtained by Telkomsel operator RSRP colors are dominated by Green and light blue, meaning that the data obtained ranges from -90 dBm to-81dBm (green) and -100 dBm to-91dBm (light blue).The line graph of the RSRP parameter in Figure 13 shows that Telkomsel has a bad point coordinates 104.556098, 0.789666 with a value of -118 dBm and the best point coordinates 104.560328, 0.789861 with a value of -68 dBm.

Data Comparison
Comparison of data (Table 1) shows the results of the overall measurement data where the highest value for RSRP on Telkomsel is -66 dBm and the lowest value is -126 dBm.The highest value on Telkomsel'S RSRQ is -3dB and the lowest value is-19db.The highest SINR value on Telkomsel is 19dB and the lowest value is-5dB .The average RSRP on Telkomsel is -90,562 dBm. the average RSRQ on Telkomsel is -10.54 dB .the average SINR on Telkomsel is 6.53 dB.

Normalization of RSRP parameters of Telkomsel operators
Normalization testing is performed to determine whether the data is normally or abnormally distributed.Chi squared normality test on the RSRP parameter of Telkomsel 4G network in Mantang Island shows that the calculated Chi squared value (Csquared) of Telkomsel operator is greater than the chi squared Table (Table 2).Based on the hypothesis, it can be concluded that the data obtained are not normally distributed.

Normalization parameters of RSRQ Operator Telkomsel
Normalization testing to determine whether data is normally or abnormally distributed.The Chi squared normality test is used to assess whether the observed data follow a normal distribution or not.In this case the calculated Chi squared value is greater than the chi squared value of the Table (Table 3).This indicates that the distribution of RSRQ data parameters of Telkomsel'S 4G network on Mantang Island is not normal.Signal quality factor due to the influence of the distance of BTS and also influenced by trees and buildings in the surrounding area so that the received network strength is less than optimal which results in less good measurements [11].Abnormal distribution of RSRP, RSRQ, and SINR data is possible due to changes in azimuth resulting in changes in the direction of distribution of RSRP, RSRQ, and SINR values in the area [12].

Conclusion
Network quality measurement in Mantang Island using drive test method was successfully conducted.From 5 times the measurement obtained Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) value on Telkomsel operator is -66 dBm, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ)-3dB, and SINR 19dB.The dominance of color at 5 times the measurement of green, yellow, orange, and light blue.Statistical analysis conducted using chi-squared normality test obtained measurement data Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) Telkomsel abnormally distributed
3.4.3Normalizationparameters SINR Operator TelkomselNormalization testing to determine whether data is normally or abnormally distributed.Based on the calculations in the table (table 4) then obtained 1 Csquared measurement of 92.084, 2 chitung measurement of 124.823, 3 chitung measurement of 206.550, 4 chitung measurement of 173.448, and 5 chitung measurement of 107.684.This value is then compared with the Ctabel at the level of significance =5%.Because measurement 1

Table 4 .
SINR normality test on Telkomsel operators