Strategic directions of state support of agriculture in the Republic of Kazakhstan

. Agriculture in the context of geopolitical challenges faced by the economies of many countries, including Kazakhstan, needs state support. The state implements a number of measures aimed at regulating the development of agriculture, information centers are opened, grants and subsidies are allocated to support beginning farmers. However, new conditions require not only financial and economic measures, but also the revision of existing theoretical and methodological mechanisms for the implementation of state aid both at the national and regional levels. The article studies the mechanisms of agricultural support through the application of both direct and indirect methods of economic impact of the state. The state support of agriculture covers various directions and the results of the study may be interesting for representatives of both republican and regional levels of government, whose activities are related to the allocation of funds in the form of state support. The need for state support of agriculture is objective, and this objectivity lies in the economic nature of the difference between the position of the agricultural producer and the position of all other market participants, because due to objective reasons agriculture in the free market is not competitive in comparison with other sectors of the economy.


Introduction
The agro-industrial complex in Kazakhstan is one of the key sectors of the economy, which plays an important role in the production of socially important products.Agriculture is the central element of the agro-industrial complex and represents a system-forming branch of the economy, occupying a special position not only within this complex, but also in the overall economy of the country.
Effective development of agriculture, as well as ensuring food security of the country, are important priorities of the state policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan, therefore, considerable attention is paid to the state support of agriculture.It is important to note that in order to effectively organize this support, a system of measures aimed at a reasonable combination of stimulating, managing and controlling mechanisms of agriculture is applied.The relevance of this research topic is justified by the need to develop an effective model of providing state support to agricultural producers.This is necessary for the creation of a competitive market of domestic agricultural products and successful implementation of the import substitution strategy.

Materials and Methods
The analysis of the fulfillment of strategic objectives of agricultural development of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out using the data of statistical indicators provided by the Bureau of National Statistics of the Agency for Strategic Planning.In addition, the research of scientific organizations, as well as scientific works of scientists specializing in the field of agricultural development were used.
Within the framework of the research various methods of economic research were applied, such as methods of synthesis and analysis, monographic, abstract-logical, statistical-economic, calculation-constructive, monographic and abstract-logical methods to identify and substantiate the main problems and reasons limiting the development of competitiveness of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Results and Discussion
The agro-industrial complex occupies an important place in the economy of Kazakhstan, attracting about 20% of labor resources and its share in GDP is about 10%.[18] The role of agriculture is not limited only to ensuring food security of the country, but also affects other important aspects of the economy and social structure.In the period from 2010 to 2022 there is a stable growth of gross output in agriculture in Kazakhstan, especially in the sectors of crop and livestock production, which are the main sectors of the agro-industrial complex of the country.This plan focuses on measures to ensure food security of the country in the coming years, including strategies for sustainable food production and ensuring its availability to the population.In general, as a result of the implementation of the Concept, it is planned to solve a number of problems (Fig. 3).[2] Fig .2. The main objectives of the development of agro-industrial complex of the RK, 2021-2030 All the above programs include the main measures to stimulate investment, improve technologies and ensure competitiveness of agriculture and are aimed at addressing specific strategic objectives and sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex of to bring the level of provision with food products (including socially important ones) to the level of not less than 80%; increase exports of agro-industrial products by 3 times; increase labor productivity in agriculture by 3 times; to increase the inflow of investments into the agro-industrial complex by 4 times; reduce the share of non-observed (shadow) economy in agriculture, forestry and fisheries -to 0.5% of GDP.
, 05037 (2024) BIO Web of Conferences MSNBAS2023 https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/2024820503782 Kazakhstan.The implementation of these programs and strategies should contribute not only to increasing production and competitiveness, but also to improving living standards in rural areas and ensuring food security.
Weak results of agro-industrial complex development programs have led to a decrease in the share of agriculture in the country's GDP Figure 3 Fig. 3. Possible reasons for ineffective implementation of support programs Transparency and efficiency in the implementation of agricultural development programs play a special role in creating a sustainable and successful strategy.To ensure that support measures are clearly defined, targeted to address specific agricultural development problems and should be regularly evaluated and adjusted to changing conditions.
To address these reasons and to improve the effectiveness of the implementation of adopted agricultural development programs, it is necessary to intensify monitoring and revise the strategies of state regulation, provide commensurate financing and infrastructure support, and create incentives for innovation and development of modern agricultural practices.It is also important to take into account the views and needs of the rural population, involving them in the decision-making process.Coordination at different levels is essential.The interaction and coherence of efforts of all stakeholders depends on the following aspects: understanding of the problems and needs of the sector, as well as the formation of more effective and sustainable solutions.As a result, we can expect more successful program implementation and accelerated agricultural growth.
For effective development of agriculture, especially in the context of global changes and challenges, strategic directions of state support of this sector in the Republic of Kazakhstan may include the following aspects:

Legal and regulatory support
Development of laws and policies that promote the development of the agricultural sector and provide legal protection for farmers.These measures, taken together, can create a favorable environment for the development of agriculture in Kazakhstan.At the same time, it is important to take into account the specific needs and characteristics of local communities, so that the approach is maximally adapted to the real conditions and challenges faced by farmers.
, 05037 (2024) BIO Web of Conferences MSNBAS2023 https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/2024820503782 Funds from the state budget and extra-budgetary resources have been allocated to finance the National Project for the development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Support in agriculture can target different facets of the industry, including producers, shared services, and consumers.Here is how support can be provided in each of these areas: Producer Support: Financial Assistance: Providing subsidies, grants, and soft loans to farmers and agricultural enterprises to cover the costs of seeds, fertilizers, equipment, and other necessary inputs.
Technological Upgrade: Stimulating the introduction of modern technologies, automation of processes and use of efficient agricultural practices.
Education and Training: Conducting educational programs and trainings to improve the skills of farmers and workers in agriculture.
Risk Insurance: Providing insurance to protect against losses associated with climate change, disease and other risks.
Research and Development: Funding research and development to improve the sustainability and productivity of agriculture.Supporting common agricultural services: Infrastructure: Invest in rural infrastructure such as roads, bridges, irrigation systems, and storage facilities to improve access to markets and increase the efficiency of agricultural production.
Cooperative development: Support the establishment and development of agricultural cooperatives that can ensure collective resource utilization and improve bargaining power in the sale of produce.
Shared Services: Provide shared services such as counseling, technical support and agricultural processing services.Consumer Support: Product Subsidies: Providing subsidies or incentives for consumers to purchase agricultural products to make them more affordable.
Education about healthy eating: Conducting campaigns and programs to educate the community about healthy eating and the benefits of consuming local products.
Integrated support in these three areas can contribute to sustainable agriculture and food security.

Conclusions
1.In light of Kazakhstan's status as a country heavily dependent on agriculture, its active participation in the world market for agricultural products gives it a significant position.Exports of cereals, meat, milk and other agricultural products distinguish the country on the global stage.Considering all these aspects, the development of effective strategies to , 05037 (2024) BIO Web of Conferences MSNBAS2023 https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/2024820503782 support and ensure sustainable development of the agricultural sector remains a priority for Kazakhstan.
2. Over the years of independence, Kazakhstan has implemented several programs and strategies aimed at supporting and improving the conditions of agriculture and the agroindustrial complex as a whole.All programs include basic measures to stimulate investment, improve technologies and ensure competitiveness of agriculture and are aimed at addressing specific strategic objectives and sustainable development of the agroindustrial complex of Kazakhstan.The implementation of these programs and strategies should contribute not only to increasing production and competitiveness, but also to improving living standards in rural areas and ensuring food security.
3. To improve the efficiency of the implementation of the adopted agricultural development programs, it is necessary to intensify monitoring and revise the strategies of state regulation, provide commensurate financing and infrastructure support, and create incentives for the introduction of innovations and development of modern agricultural practices 4. Close interaction between government agencies, the business sector and the public in unity creates a sustainable and balanced support system for agriculture and improves the overall effectiveness of agricultural sector development efforts.contributes to a better understanding of the problems and needs of the sector and to the formation of more effective and sustainable solutions.These areas can serve as a basis for an integrated approach to agricultural development in the context of current challenges and global market perspectives.

Fig . 1 .
Fig .1.Gross output of products (services) of agriculture of the RK Kazakhstan, as an agrarian country, actively participates in the global market of agricultural products.Export of grain, meat, milk and other products gives the country an important place in the global market.Given all these factors, the development of effective strategies to support and sustainably develop the agricultural sector remains a key priority for

Fig. 4 .
Fig. 4. Participants in the implementation of agricultural development support programsClose interaction between government agencies, the business sector and the public in unity creates a sustainable and balanced support system for agriculture and improves the overall effectiveness of agricultural sector development efforts.contributes to a better

5 .
To ensure effective development of agriculture, especially in the context of global changes and challenges, strategic directions of state support in the Republic of Kazakhstan can cover the following aspects: infrastructure Improvement,technological upgrade,education and training,financial support

Table 1 .
Main aspects of strategic directions of state support for agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of geopolitical changes

Table 2 .
Amount of financing of the National Project for the development of the agro-industrial complex of the RK, bln.tenge⃰