Towards the Development of the Indonesia New Capital City

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Introduction
East Kalimantan Province is one of the provinces where the mining and quarrying industry contributes to the country's foreign exchange.So far, except for the oil and gas sector, this sector is still the main sector influencing the economy of Indonesia and East Kalimantan Province.Based on 2020 Central Statistics Agency (BPS) [1] data at constant 2010 prices, the contribution of the mining and quarrying industry to GRDP was 45.49%, followed by the quarrying industry at 10.21%, and the construction industry at 9.08%.
The Archipelago Capital Region (IKN) or known as the New State Capital of Indonesia is administratively located in two existing regencies, namely Penajam Paser Utara (PPU) and Kutai Kartanegara (Kukar) Regencies, including two main cities in East Kalimantan, namely Balikpapan and Samarinda.The land area is around 256,142 ha, and the sea area is around 68,189 hectares passed by the Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes (ALKI) II [2].
Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) is used to utilize digital data analysis as a tool to help digest strategies and their implementation framework in several research institutions [3].However, coastal areas are also connected to land which may have interconnection problems within the area [4].Regional planning is considered participatory planning and adaptive planning which requires several processes including public participation, the nature of the public as an object of research, and consideration of adaptive approaches [4].Furthermore, bringing cross-sectors into both the public and private sectors will benefit the implementation of coastal planning [5].

Survey
When viewed based on the location of the region, IKN has promising coastal resource potential.This potential can be utilized to increase and accelerate the economic development of local communities who live around the IKN.Optimal utilization can encourage people to be independent and free from the bondage of living in poverty.In addition, it can provide opportunities for the community to innovate in the development and management of local resources in accordance with the potential, characteristics, and socio-culture of the community.
Sepaku is one of the sub-districts in North Penajam Paser which is part of the New Capital City of Indonesia (Ibu Kota Nusantara/IKN) area.It has three coastal villages including Mentawir, Pemaluan, and Maridan.Referring to the General Plan for Building and Environmental Planning for the Core Central Government Area (KIPP), Sepaku District is part of the East IKN urban area (BWP) (BWP 4 Tourism and Entertainment).This shows that Sepaku sub-district has potential that can be developed.However, before entering the development stage, it is necessary to identify potential.Based on initial observations, it was found that there is tourism potential in the form of natural and cultural tourism which includes mangrove forests, waterfalls, bamboo forests, caves, ethnic diversity and unique topography.However, so far this potential has not been developed.Natural beauty and beautiful villages can support tourism development.For this reason, existing potential needs to be increased and developed further so that it can support the development of the new capital.The development of this potential needs to be seen from several sides, such as human resources, institutions, stakeholders, public facilities and other supporting natural resources.
Currently, the population of the IKN area is dominated by the local people.In the near future, there will be migrants who need daily supplies (e.g.clothing, food, housing).The increased requirements have to be supported by the local potential, one of which comes from the coastal area.Hence, it is necessary to map the potential resources around the IKN area to find out the extent of their existence, the impact of utilization, and the potential for their development.This also supports the basic principles of community-involved IKN development and resource efficiency.
Conducting map resources in coastal areas as qualitative descriptive method is usually been used [6].The qualitative descriptive method is able to provide more detailed and comprehensive information about the condition of local resources in the IKN coastal area.By utilizing the latest data, local resource potential mapping can be carried out in a more accurate and detailed manner, so that community empowerment efforts in the IKN coastal area can be carried out more effectively and sustainable.Therefore, the use of qualitative descriptive methods in mapping local resources can be a more appropriate alternative in the context of IKN development.
Besides Balikpapan and Samarinda, Penajam Paser Utara (PPU) and Kutai Kartanegara Regencies are also buffer zones for the National Capital City (IKN).The PPU District has potential, and readiness is or still needs to be optimized.Therefore, PPU districts need a specialization strategy [7].Following up on the recommendations from previous research, specific information about the area is needed to formulate an effective strategy in accordance with the coastal area of the IKN.

SWOT analysis
In general, Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat (SWOT) analysis is a structured framework used by organizations or management level to assess their current strategic position.It involves evaluating both internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats).The strength can include factors such as skilled workforce, innovative products, strong brand reputation, and efficient processes.The weakness might include lack of certain skills, outdated technology, limited resources, or poor internal communication.The opportunities can arise from changes in customer preferences, emerging markets, technological advancements, or regulatory shifts.The threats can come from competition, economic downturns, changes in regulations, or disruptive technologies [8].
Based on Viegas, 2014 the collaborative approach which including dialogue, interview, semi-structured and panel discussions were used to gather the information regarding SWOT indicators.It helped to professionals related to the object crossing the information.The respondents in small scale fisheries and coastal area are scientific community, the technical experts and policy makers [9].Meanwhile, in order to get the perspective on the tourism, it requires to interview local people, shop-keepers, hotels as well as both domestic and foreign visitors [10].
The scope of the research is management level in coastal area which means the indicator shall be incorporation with to the criteria of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) [11].The ICZM criteria are including policy, community expertise, funding support, natural resources/coastal ecosystem, as well as relationship among the stakeholders.In order to achieve those criteria, the research was started by identifying Strengths and Weaknesses from assessing the organization's strengths and weaknesses, focusing on its core competencies, assets, and areas that require improvement.Then, identifying Opportunities and Threats from assessing the external environment to identify potential opportunities and threats that could impact the organization's performance.
The identified stakeholders in this research are local government, women community, fisherman, farmer, tourism manager, and creative entrepreneur.To addressing the condition in Sepaku, this research was conducting Focus Group Discussion (FGD) to help the needs of the data collection.In total, there are 66 participants with range of age 23 to 76 years old from Mentawir Village, Maridan Village and Pemaluan Village.In addition, the circulated questionnaire during the FGD was following Likert Scale (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) to measure the opinions from the respondents.

Results and analysis
As the research area in the coastal area, it is well known that the found main ecosystem are mangrove and fisheries (Figure 1).Based on the field survey, Mentawir Village has more than 3,000 hectares mangroves coverage.It is higher than the Ministrial target which are around 1,350 hectares.The communities has develop several derivative products, for instance, syrup, face powder, coffee, tea and rice cake.Maridan Village has acculturation people since they have different origins (mostly from Java, Sulawesi and Maluku).It also has facilitated with the port as the main effective transportation from Balikpapan to IKN.In addition, as the central village of IKN, Pemaluan Village has developed some services such as hotels and restaurants.As the SWOT categories were built from the Integrated Coastal Zone Management categories, it required a validation process through a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) in order to measure that all the categories are understandable for the respondent (Figure 2).Besides, it also helps to gained the additional information related to the Region of Sepaku.Some of the key information from the FGD are including of: (1) There are existing trainings to the community from the government related to the preparedness of the development of IKN.However, the distribution of trained community is not yet well managed and evaluated ; (2) The existing commodity such as oil palm is not the priority anymore.Hence, the fertilizer subsidies come to an end and the production is growing down compare with the previous decades ; (3) There is a need to have better cooperation among the stakeholders, particularly with local government and IKN authority.
Considering the SWOT Questionnaires, there are several findings identified as Strength conditions which are including: (1) The local government is well functioning (for instance, facilitating community needs, holding deliberations, establishing relationships with the subdistrict) ; (2) Traditional leaders have functioned well (for instance, accommodating community opinion) ; (3) Several Working Group (including women community) is well functioning (for instance, there is an organization structure, there are routine joint activities, accommodating the needs of members) ; (4) The vision and mission of the sub-district/region are available and implemented ; (5) Sea transportation (pier, regular/public ship) is available ; (6) Educational facilities (elementary school, middle school, high school) are available ; (7) Clean water facilities are well available.
Besides, following up the Weakness from the area: (1) There is not enough financial support in order to have regular program for Women Farmer Community ; (2) The fishermen community does not yet do the catch documentation and traceability program ; (3) There is less regeneration and/or the participation from the young generation as member of Tourism Community ; (4) The homemade souvenir especially bamboo is still by order which is not regular activity ; (5) The requirement of more of Base Transceiver Station (BTS) Tower as the communication signal is still under 4G ; (6) There is very limited public land transportation (most available transportation is private vehicle and rent) ; (7) The open market is available in the neighbourhood village (about 5 kilometres) ; (8) The official fuel station is only located in the Sub-district and the operational hour is not 24 hours ; (9) There is no official social media (e.g., website, Instagram and YouTube) available.
In addition, there are found Opportunities which are included: (1) There is a potential wharf arrangement ; (2) Disaster management regulations (landslides, tidal floods, abrasion, sedimentation) are in place and implemented ; (3) The condition of the mangroves is still in good condition (not polluted, not cut down excessively, not hit by the waves) ; (4) The condition of catching fisheries, shrimp and crab is still good (regularly harvested, the size can be sold, the water is not polluted) ; (5) Relationships between community groups are running well (there are regular communications/visit).
At last, the Threats that be found are as following.It is important to identified due to its potential to bring any conflict in the near future.The threats of the area are: (1) The land use and coastal use regulation is not fully socialized and implemented to the community ; (2) The bamboo forest as one of souvenir resource is not yet under concern within any program ; (3) Freshwater fish harvest is not yet under regular recorded ; (4) The potential tourism spots (for instance rafting) is not yet under concern within any program ; (5) There is a requirement to provide regular and measurable communication within local community, higher education agency, Badan Otorita IKN, provincial government as well as investor.
Based on the SWOT Analysis, Sepaku is in the first quadrant (X = 0.69 ; Y = 0.39) (Figure 3).It means that the region can develop the progressive strategy.The progressive strategy can generate the strategic priorities which occupied the strength to take advantage of opportunities.Hence, the suggested strategy to be followed by are: (1) The local government should start initiating regulations related to port management ; (2) Local governments and communities have to elaborate on managing and monitoring the coastal ecosystem ; (3) Local governments and communities have to develop annual programs for the existing trained groups on the sustainable disaster mitigation system ; (4) The government has to provide the development of formal and non-formal educational facilities, particularly on sustainable fisheries management ; (5) The government has to provide the development of public facilities such as markets and transportation between villages that are easily accessible.

Conclusions
As the population of the IKN area is expecting to grow yearly, the increasing demand for daily necessities is required, and the utilization of local coastal resources becomes even more crucial.Therefore, it is imperative to analyze the strategic movement.This approach aligns with the principles of community-involved IKN development and resource efficiency.Considering the SWOT Analysis, the stakeholders should put cumulative efforts into occupying the region's strength and utilizing the potential condition (opportunities).The cumulative efforts shall be including 5 (five) strategies which have to involving the local community as the main role.This research would not be completed without the support from the Regional Research and Development Agency, East Kalimantan Province, as well as, the Research and Community Service Institute (LPPM) Kalimantan Institute of Technology for funding assistance.Apart from that, the author also would like to appreciate the cooperation from the Government of Sepaku.The respondent are Mentawir Village, Pemaluan Village, and Maridan Village.