Intensification of the process of extraction of sucrose from sugar beet of different technological advantage

¹ Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russia
² Voronezh branch Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping, Voronezh, Russia

^* Corresponding author: irina210390@mail.ru

Abstract

Unfavorable climatic conditions have a negative impact on the storage and processing of sugar beets. Low quality of the raw material during storage causes intensive development of microbiological processes, which leads to high losses of sucrose. Leuconostoc mesenteroides bacteria develop especially intensively in spoiled beets, causing a disease of root crops (mucous bacteriosis), which is activated in the washing department of the plant. The product of the bacteria’s vital activity, the polysaccharide dextran, passes into the diffusion juice during the extraction process, complicating further technological processes. The proposed solution for suppressing microbiological processes is the use of sodium dichloroisocyanuric acid as an antiseptic, a solution of which can be used to treat beet chips or an extractant. Some plants use inclined-type diffusion devices for extracting sucrose, in which there is no heat treatment of beet chips before entering the device, which leads to a low degree of sucrose extraction. Technical solutions have been developed for preparing chips for extraction using the combined thermochemical processing of chips with the use of salt solutions of aluminum and ammonium sulfates. Rational processing parameters have been selected experimentally: the concentration of the ammonium sulfate solution is 0.05%; its consumption is 10% of the chips mass. The studies conducted to study the microstructure of sugar beet tissue with various methods of its processing revealed the mechanism of action of the reagents. Experimental data on determining the molecular diffusion coefficient after processing sugar beet tissue using salt solutions confirmed the efficiency of the proposed method. A design of an apparatus for the complex thermochemical processing of sugar beet chips before extraction using rational technical solutions has been developed. The proposed method and device for its implementation ensure high efficiency in processing raw materials of various qualities.