Divergent Clinical Manifestations in Two Cats with FPV and FCoV Coinfection: A Case Report

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
² Doctor Sain Veteriner, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
³ Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
⁴ Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
⁵ Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
⁶ Nagavet Animal Clinic, Sitiawan, Perak, Malaysia

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Concurrent infection of Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) and Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is rarely documented in cats and current knowledge is largely limited to isolated case observations. This report describes the clinical, hematological, and molecular features of two cats with confirmed FPV–FCoV coinfection. Two mixed-breed cats presenting with anorexia, vomiting, and diarrhea were physically examined and screened using a rapid test kit. Hematological parameters were evaluated, and molecular assays (PCR/RT-PCR) were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Cat 1 (an 18-month-old male) presented with acute hyperthermia (40.1°C) and severe leukopenia (WBC 0.16 × 10⁹/L), while Cat 2 (10-month-old female) presented with hypothermia (36.1°C), moderate anemia (RBC 4.7 ×10⁶/µL; HCT 30%), and leukopenia (WBC 1.5 ×10⁹/L). Molecular assays confirmed FPV and FCoV coinfection in both cats. Although limited by the very small sample size (n = 2), these cases illustrate heterogeneous clinical and hematological manifestations of FPV–FCoV coinfection, ranging from profound leukopenia without anemia to combined anemia and leukopenia. These findings may not intended to be generalized, but emphasize the potential immunosuppressive impact of viral coinfection and highlight the importance of molecular confirmation in multiple feline viral infections. This report contributes the preliminary observational data to the limited literature on FPV–FCoV coinfection in cats.