Wound-Healing effects of the combination of cockroach (Periplaneta americana) hemolymph–chitosan and bandotan leaf (Ageratum conyzoides L.) extract in mice (Mus musculus)

¹ School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Agatis, Dramaga Campus IPB, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
² Division of Medical Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Agatis, Dramaga Campus IPB, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
³ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Tanjung, Dramaga Campus IPB, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
⁴ Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Jl. Tanjung, Dramaga Campus IPB, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Open wounds are highly susceptible to secondary infections and rebleeding, necessitating the use of antibacterial and hemostatic agents to promote effective healing. Cockroach (Periplaneta americana) hemo lymph and chitosan have been reported to possess antibacterial properties, while bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) is a wild plant known for its hemostatic activity. This study aimed to evaluate the wound-healing efficacy of the gel containing combinations of cockroach hemolymph and chitosan extract, and A. conyzoides leaves extract, for treating open wounds in mice (Mus musculus). Hemolymph was collected from cockroaches, while chitosan from cockroach and bandotan leaves were extracted. Three gel combinations were prepared with different compositions: F1 (1.32 μL/g hemolymph, 10 mg/g chitosan, 10 mg/g bandotan extract), F2 (1.32 μL/g hemolymph, 6.68 mg/g chitosan, 13.32 mg/g bandotan extract), and F3 (1.32 μL/g hemolymph, 7.72 mg/g chitosan, 3.86 mg/g bandotan extract). An in vivo study was conducted by applying the gel combinations to open wounds in mice. The in vivo wound-healing results revealed that F1 accelerated wound closure and tissue regeneration compared with the other formulations. These findings suggest that the F1 gel formulation has potential as a topical treatment for open wounds.