Intensive agricultural technologies of winter wheat cultivation in the Middle Volga region

Open Access

Table 3.

Energy efficiency of winter wheat cultivation depending on the predecessor, tillage methods and fertilizers (on average over the years of research)

Soil treatment	Fertilizers	Indicators
		Accumulated energy, thousand MJ/ha		Antopogenic energy costs, thousand MJ/ha	Energy gain in crops, thousand MJ/ha	Energy cost thousand MJ/t
		in crops	in protein	Antopogenic energy costs, thousand MJ/ha	Energy gain in crops, thousand MJ/ha	in crops	in protein
Black fallow
Fallowing to a depth of 25–27 cm	Without fertilizers	31.54	4.10	16.92	14.62	7.14	133.22
	N₃₀	33.94	4.74	19.32	14.62	7.58	142.06
	N₃₀ + N₃₀	34.47	4.82	19.70	14.77	7.61	140.71
Loosening to a depth of 10–12 cm	Without fertilizers	29.81	3.76	15.32	14.49	6.84	121.59
	N₃₀	32.34	4.33	17.86	14.48	7.35	133.28
	N₃₀ + N₃₀	33.28	4.60	18.30	14.98	7.32	132.61
Without autumn mechanical treatment	Without fertilizers	32.88	3.98	14.30	18.58	5.79	118.18
	N₃₀	35.94	4.67	16.82	19.12	6.23	129.38
	N₃₀ + N₃₀	37.13	4.85	17.01	20.12	6.10	129.85
Seed fallow
Fallowing to a depth of 25–27 cm	Without fertilizers	19.70	2.32	19.58	0.12	13.23	165.93
	N₃₀	22.76	2.94	22.36	0.40	13.08	173.33
	N₃₀ + N₃₀	24.76	3.37	22.55	2.21	12.12	165.81
Loosening to a depth of 10–12 cm	Without fertilizers	19.03	2.26	18.23	0.80	12.75	153.19
	N₃₀	21.56	2.82	21.02	0.54	12.98	160.46
	N₃₀ + N₃₀	23.03	3.01	21.20	1.83	12.25	161.83
Without autumn mechanical treatment	Without fertilizers	24.49	2.76	17.30	7.19	9.40	153.10
	N₃₀	27.02	3.33	20.13	6.89	9.92	163.66
	N₃₀ + N₃₀	29.95	3.83	20.35	9.60	9.04	158.98
Green fallow
Fallowing to a depth of 25–27 cm	Without fertilizers	30.88	3.64	17.23	13.65	7.43	146.02
	N₃₀	32.34	4.01	20.14	12.20	8.29	162.42
	N₃₀ + N₃₀	33.54	4.18	20.44	13.10	8.11	163.52
Loosening to a depth of 10–12 cm	Without fertilizers	29.28	3.37	16.80	12.48	7.64	146.09
	N₃₀	31.68	3.76	19.63	12.05	8.25	164.96
	N₃₀ + N₃₀	33.14	4.21	20.00	13.15	8.03	157.48
Without autumn mechanical treatment	Without fertilizers	31.28	3.5	16.08	15.20	6.84	143.57
	N₃₀	33.81	3.99	19.05	14.76	7.50	170.09
	N₃₀ + N₃₀	34.61	4.11	19.50	15.11	7.50	165.25

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