Open Access
Table 1
Morphological characters of perfect, pistillate, and staminate flowers in Heracleum sibiricum
| Characters | Flower | Terminal umbel | Secondary umbel | Tertiary umbel | Quaternary umbel |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Corolla diameter, mm | b | 5.32±0.09 | 5.02±0.06 | 4.74±0.14 | 4.46±0.11 |
| p | 5.02±0.08 | 4.71±0.05 | _* | _ | |
| s | 4.55±0.03 | 4.01±0.04 | 2.86±0.04 | 2.29±0.03 | |
| Petal length, mm | b | 1.91±0.07 | 1.78±0.03 | 1.73±0.04 | 1.63±0.05 |
| p | 1.77±0.06 | 1.65±0.02 | _ | _ | |
| s | 1.76±0.04 | 1.64±0.04 | 1.35±0.09 | 1.22±0.06 | |
| Petal width, mm | b | 1.52±0.07 | 1.49±0.05 | 1.33±0.05 | 1.12±0.06 |
| p | 1.38±0.06 | 1.31±0.06 | _ | _ | |
| s | 1.34±0.02 | 1.26±0.02 | 0.84±0.02 | 0.59±0.03 | |
| Stamens length, mm | b | 2.37±0.02 | 2.23±0.10 | 2.24±0.03 | 2.12±0.03 |
| p | 1.73±0.02 | 1.67±0.08 | _ | _ | |
| s | 2.16±0.05 | 2.12±0.08 | 1.50±0.08 | 1.48±0.05 | |
| Anthers length, mm | b | 0.94±0.02 | 0.91±0.04 | 0.84±0.02 | 0.81±0.02 |
| p | 0.59±0.02 | 0.58±0.01 | _ | _ | |
| s | 0.89±0.04 | 0.76±0.01 | 0.71±0.03 | 0.69±0.02 | |
| Anther width, mm | b | 0.74±0.02 | 0.75±0.05 | 0.72±0.01 | 0.72±0.02 |
| p | 0.50±0.01 | 0.49±0.01 | _ | _ | |
| s | 0.75±0.01 | 0.68±0.01 | 0.57±0.02 | 0.56±0.02 | |
| Length of the polar axis of pollen grains, μm | b | 36.1±0.6 | 34.5±0.5 | 33.1±0.7 | 32.2±0.6 |
| s | 36.8±0.4 | 36.0±0.7 | 36.6±0.3 | 35.3±0.3 | |
| Equatorial diameter of pollen grains, μm | b | 23.1±0.6 | 21.1±0.5 | 19.5±0.3 | 19.2±0.2 |
| s | 20.8±0.4 | 20.6±0.5 | 21.0±0.3 | 20.2±0.2 | |
| Pollen fertility, % | b | 95.2±3.2 | 93.7±3.8 | 92.3±3.1 | 93.1±3.3 |
| s | 96.3±3.1 | 95.2±3.6 | 94.4±3.4 | 92.3±3.8 | |
| Abaxial stytopodium length, mm | b | 1.19±0.05 | 1.09±0.02 | 0.87±0.02 | 0.70±0.03 |
| p | 1.18±0.04 | 1.07±0.03 | _ | _ | |
| s | 0.83±0.04 | 0.83±0.01 | 0.82±0.01 | 0.69±0.02 | |
| Abaxial stylopodium height, mm | b | 1.96±0.04 | 1.84±0.03 | 1.50±0.05 | 1.28±0.04 |
| p | 1.93±0.03 | 1.83±0.02 | _ | _ | |
| s | 1.45±0.02 | 1.36±0.04 | 1.20±0.02 | 0.96±0.02 | |
| Ovary length, mm | b | 1.84±0.05 | 1.48±0.06 | 1.12±0.05 | 0.90±0.02 |
| p | 1.83±0.05 | 1.47±0.05 | _ | _ | |
| Style length, mm | b | 0.95±0.02 | 0.85±0.03 | 0.35±0.02 | 0.32±0.02 |
| p | 0.94±0.02 | 0.83±0.02 | _ | _ | |
| Stigma diameter, mm | b | 0.41±0.02 | 0.34±0.02 | 0.17±0.01 | 0.15±0.01 |
| p | 0.40±0.02 | 0.32±0.03 | _ | _ |
Note. * – pistillate flowers are absent in tertiary and quaternary umbels. b – bisexual flowers, p – pistillate flowers, s – staminate flowers.
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