Open Access

Table 1.

Means of synchronized swimming, used in experimental group

Means of synchronized swimming The focus of the exercise
  • Movement on water:

  • • without creating splashes;

  • • no sudden movements;

  • • swimming with the head raised over the water “the water polo front crawl»;

  • • the transition from one style of swimming to another;

  • * rowing movements of the legs in combination with rowing movements of the arms: the legs perform crawl movements, the arms breaststroke; the legs – “Dolphin”, the arms – crawl and other variations.

Movement on water improved: swimming technique and its individual elements; orientation under water/ above water. It was suggested to feel the main differences in the technique of “crawl on the chest” swimming methods: in the body position, in the rowing movements of the hands and feet, and in combination with breathing.
Rowing movements with the hands in the main positions:
  • on the chest, back, in a group (in a dense, loose).

  • * “Standard stroke” - holding, promoting;

  • * “Reverse stroke”;

  • • "Canoe»;

  • • "Propeller»

The exercises of this group were aimed at forming water-support reactions. They varied in trajectories of movements performed in different planes and different angles of attack and plane.
Rowing movements with the legs:
  • “Water wheel” on the side;

    * Movement of the legs “Dolphin” in any starting position of the body;

    * “egbite” is an alternate rowing movement with the legs in a breaststroke in an upright position of the body (head above the surface of the water): (in place, moving forward, moving sideways, moving straight, with different positions of the hands above the water);

  • Combined rowing movements with the legs:

    Variation 1. One breaststroke - one Dolphin stroke on the side - backstroke breaststroke, then egbit 8-16 strokes, then the cycle repeats

    Variation 2. Three strokes with the legs “Dolphin” on the chest - 4 strokes “crawl” on the side, passing sideways in egbite 4 stroke movements, then “breaststroke” on the chest 2 kicks, after the cycle repeats.

Rowing foot movements allow to improve the technique of sports swimming methods “Breaststroke", “Dolphin", “Crawl”, as well as to navigate above water and under water, to understand the main differences (body position) from the methods of sports swimming; these exercises were supposed to be performed from different starting positions.
  • Simplest shapes:

  • * Rotation in a grouping;

  • * Circle forward;

  • * Circle back;

  • • The back dive, pike;

  • * Turn back in the grouping;

  • * Turn forward in the grouping

The simplest shapes are aimed at improvement of various initial positions of the body in the water, transitions from one position to another. Figures of the simplest type are associated with the rotation of the body around its axis, where the vestibular apparatus and coordination of movements are trained.

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.