Groundwater level management in a reclamation system

¹ Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilina, 350044, Kalinina str, 13, Russia
² All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigative Agriculture, 400002, Timirjaseva str, 9, Volgograd, Russia
³ Don State Technical University, 344003, 1. Gagarin sq., Rostov-on-Don, Russia

^* Corresponding author: kris_kolesnichenko@inbox.ru

Abstract

Soil fertility largely depends on the water regime of the territories. Yields on agricultural lands that are subject to flooding and waterlogging are low. On the other hand, lowering the groundwater level also negatively affects soil fertility. The desiccation of the soil leads to the destruction and weathering of the fertile layer. The periodic repetition of the processes of waterlogging, flooding and desiccation of soils leads to soil fusion, that is, the process of degradation of the soil cover does not stop. The reduction of arable land under the influence of various negative factors (deflation, salinization, acidification, desiccation, flooding and waterlogging of lands) reduces the social and economic development of regions. Crop shortages negatively affect the stability of the economy in agriculture. One of the main negative factors of economic destabilization is the degradation of arable land in the south of Russia from flooding.