A Review of Pyroptosis in Liver Disease

The University of Sheffield, U.K.

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Abstract

Pyroptosis is a new form of programmed cell death that is different from cell necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy. It is characterized by the rupture of cell membranes mediated by Gasdermin and the release of cell contents and pro-inflammatory factors. This study systematically integrated the role of pyroptosis in liver disease and the mechanism of its impact. The researchers explored the relationship between pyroptosis and ALD, NAFLD, viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and HCC. The pyroptosis signaling pathway is divided into the classical pathway that relies on cysteine aspartase-1 and the non-classical pathway that depends on caspase-4, 5, and 11, in which the activation of caspase-1 in the classical pathway depends on the inflammasome, and the non-classical pathway directly activates caspase-4, 5, and 11, induces the formation of membrane pores, and IL-1β, IL-18 matures and is released, and the cell membrane ruptures and pyroptosis occurs. Eventually, it has an effect on the liver. Therefore, this paper focuses on the mechanism of pyroptosis, and summarizes the research progress of pyroptosis in the occurrence and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis. By studying the influencing mechanism of pyroptosis, can provide new ideas and strategies for the prevention and treatment of these diseases.