Effect of Solvent Ratio of Phaleria macrocarpa Fruit Extract on Yield, Chemical Content and its Antimicrobial Activity

¹ Master Student of the Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia
² Lecturers of the Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

The research aimed to determine the effect of solvent ratio of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit on the extracted yield, chemical contents and antimicrobial activity for Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. The materials used were Phaleria macrocarpa fruit and aquadest. The extraction method used in this study was Ultrasound-Assisted Hydro-distillation Extraction (UAHDE). The antimicrobial activity was detected by the inhibition zone of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract against Lactic Acid Bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. using the well diffusion method. The results showed that with an extract ratio of 1:2 produced a yield of (87.3 ml), 1:4 (362 ml), and 1:6 (486 ml). The results of the chemical test of Phaleria macrocarpa showed that extract ratio 1:2 (phenol 314.64 mg GAE/100g and flavonoid 39.89 mg EQ/100g), 1:4 (phenol 228.02 mg GAE/100g and flavonoid 21.61 mg EQ/100g), 1:6 (phenol 150.89 mg GAE/100g and flavonoid 15.35 mg EQ/100g). Comparison of the ratios of 1:4 and 1:6 showed significant results (P<0.05) inhibition of Salmonella sp. bacteria with an inhibition zone of 1.1 ± 0.2mm and Escherichia coli of 1±0.0mm, while no inhibition was detected for Lactic Acid Bacteria. It can be concluded that the extract of the Phaleria macrocarpa fruit have the potential to be used as a feed additive for poultry.