Issue |
BIO Web Conf.
Volume 12, 2019
41st World Congress of Vine and Wine
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 02022 | |
Number of page(s) | 6 | |
Section | Oenology | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191202022 | |
Published online | 19 February 2019 |
Detección de levaduras y bacterias ácido lácticas nativas de diferentes cultivares chilenos: Potenciales especies para la producción de vinos reducidos en alcohol
Screening native yeast and lactic acid bacteria from different Chilean cultivars: Potential species for production of reduced ethanol wines
1 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos. Av. Vicuña Mackena, 4860 Santiago, Chile
2 Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental. Av. España, 1680 Valparaíso, Chile
3 Centro Regional de Estudios en Alimentación Saludable. Av. Universidad 330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
4 Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Nutrición. Av. Vicuña Mackena, post4860 Santiago, Chile
En este estudio se caracterizó la microbiota natural (levaduras y bacterias ácido lácticas) observada durante la fermentación espontánea de variedades de uva de Chile, con el fin de evaluar su potencial para producir vinos con menor contenido de etanol. El potencial de fermentación de las levaduras seleccionadas se determinó en términos de consumo de azúcar y producción de etanol. Las cepas con potencial para producir vinos reducidos en etanol se estudiaron adicionalmente en inoculaciones secuenciales con Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Se identificaron nueve especies no Saccharomyces y solo tres géneros de bacterias ácido lácticas. Durante las etapas finales de fermentación, S. cerevisiae y L. mesenteroides fueron dominantes, mientras que solo Candida, Metchnikowia, Torulaspora y Lachancea spp. se observaron después de 14 días de fermentación. La fermentación de cultivo puro con cepas aisladas seleccionadas mostró aproximadamente un 50% de utilización de azúcar, con una producción de etanol que varió desde 6.25 a 9.25% v/v. Nuestros resultados sugieren que las levaduras nativas R. glutinis, M. pulcherrima y H. uvarum, aisladas en este estudio, son potenciales para producir vinos reducido en etanol. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios sobre la contribución en sabor y el aroma.
Abstract
The potential use of non-traditional yeast species opens new possibilities regarding wine flavor, aroma, texture and ethanol content. Low and reduced ethanol wines have attracted much interest, and research has led to novel techniques to reduce ethanol content, including the use of non-traditional yeast. The aim of this study was to characterize the natural microbiota (yeasts and lactic acid bacteria) observed during spontaneous fermentation of six grape varieties from the Maule Region (Chile). Thus, the fermentative potential of selected yeast isolates was determined in terms of sugar consumption and ethanol production. Isolates with potential for producing reduced ethanol wines were further studied in sequential inoculations with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nine non-Saccharomyces species belonging to seven genera were identified from the spontaneous fermentation, but only three lactic acid bacteria genera were identified. During final fermentation stages, S. cerevisiae and L. mesenteroides were dominant, while only Candida, Metchnikowia, Torulaspora, and Lachancea spp. were observed after 14 days of fermentation. Pure culture fermentation with selected isolates showed about 50% sugar utilization, with ethanol production ranging from 6.25 to 9.25% v/v. Regarding sequential inoculations, less than 2% of sugars remained after 10 days of fermentation, and significantly less ethanol was produced than in control samples. Our results suggest that native yeasts R. glutinis, M. pulcherrima and H. uvarum, isolated in this study, potentially serve to produce reduced ethanol wines. However, more studies on flavor and aroma contribution are needed.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2019
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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