The influence of farming system elements on the yield of barley in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals

¹ Federal State Institutes Federal Research Center Tyumen Scientific Center of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Tyumen Scientific Center SB RAS), Tyumen, Russia
² Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, Tyumen, Russia

^* Corresponding author: soil-tyumen@yandex.ru

Abstract

The results of long-term stationary studies on the influence of farming system elements on the yield of spring barley in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals are presented. In the experiment, the role of the precursor; the main tillage (plowing and surface scarification); three levels of mineral nutrition were studied. The variation of the barley harvest for 2004-2014 under the influence of weather conditions that have direct and indirect impact on the formation of the yield of cereals is shown. The yield of barley primarily depends on the level of mineral nutrition. The average yield of barley sown after peas was 3.52 t/ha, with a variation in the range of 2.40-4.24 t/ha. In the variant where the precursor was oat, the yield of barley was 3.39 t/ha with a variation from 2.11 to 4.72 t/ha. The share of the contribution of the growing season weather conditions is 49% (the precursor is peas) and 72% (the precursor is oat). The minimum yield over the years of research was 1.44 t/ha on the variant where the precursor was oat, fertilizers were not applied, and the main tillage was surface scarification. The maximum yield was 5.57 t/ha on the variant with a dose of fertilizers N₅₄P₅₂K₅₂ kg/ha, which were introduced by plowing.