Fertility Situation among Urban and Rural Residents in Indonesia; Based on Indonesian Census 2010

¹ Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia
² Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
³ Department of Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
⁴ Department of Health Science, Lincoln University College, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

^* Corresponding author: purwo.skm@umkt.ac.id

Abstract

Indonesia is a large country with a big share of the world’s population. The fertility rate can vary in different areas caused of some factors, including culture, socioeconomic status, education, social support, etc. This research analyzed the census data in 2010, examining the fertility rate differential in urban and rural areas in Indonesia using the Brass method. The method estimated indirect estimation of the fertility rate, including adjusted age-specific fertility rate (ASFR), adjusted total fertility, and adjusted birth rate. The descriptive analysis explained the fertility situation in Indonesia’s urban and rural areas. The result revealed that the adjusted ASFR in urban areas was higher than in rural areas when women were aged 25-39, while in the rural areas, the adjusted ASFR was higher than in the urban area when women were aged 15-24. The estimated number of birth have a similar pattern with adjusted ASFR. Rural regions have higher total fertility, birth rate, and general fertility rates than urban residents. Marriage status and contraceptive use impact fertility differences between urban and rural areas. In conclusion, rural areas had a higher fertility rate than urban areas based on the Indonesian census 2010.