Diagnosis and principles of treatment of congenital heart defects

North Ossetian State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Vladikavkaz, Russia

^* Corresponding author: igor.totrov@yandex.ru

Abstract

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a fairly common pathology of the cardiovascular system, which is the main cause of death in children in the first year of life. The frequency of CHD is 30% of all malformations. The number of HPUs in our country is increasing by 3-4% annually. In Russia, every 125 newborns have one with congenital heart disease or blood vessels. At the same time, in one out of 200 newborns, congenital malformations of the heart and blood vessels are of a combined nature, that is, they occur in various combinations, and, therefore, have a more severe clinical course. The main function of the cardiovascular system is the delivery and provision of oxygen and nutrients to all organs and tissues, as well as the reverse transportation of carbon dioxide and metabolic products. With each contraction, the heart normally ejects 70-120 ml of blood (stroke volume). The minute volume of the heart (the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle in 1 minute) is normally 5500-7000 ml / min. And it largely depends on the height and weight of the person.