Challenges and Opportunities of Implementing Marine Ecological Carrying Capacity Index in the Blue Economy: A Case Study of Coastal Communities in East Nusa Tenggara Province

¹ Sekolah Tinggi Intelijen Negara, Sumur Batu, 16810 Bogor, Indonesia
² Meteorology Department, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technologies, ITB (Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha 10, 40152 Bandung, Indonesia
³ Bioengineering Department, School of Life Sciences and Technologies-Engineering Programme, ITB (Bandung Institute of Technology), Jl. Ganesha 10, 40152 Bandung, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: armisusandi@itb.ac.id.

Abstract

An emerging concept of the “Blue Economy” emphasizes using ocean resources sustainably to improve livelihoods and spur economic growth while marine ecosystems are kept in good condition. Utilising the Marine Ecological Carrying Capacity (MECC) Index, one can determine how well marine ecosystems can support human activity while preserving their ecological integrity. By a case study in the East Nusa Tenggara coastal area, this study aims to evaluate the opportunities and challenges associated with implementing the MECC in the Blue Economy scheme. The case study has been analysed using a comprehensive evaluation index system for coordinated development among marine resources, the environment, and social-ecological systems. The study also reviews relevant literature on the Blue Economy and the New Ocean Economy. The study has offered a quantitative evaluation of the Blue Economy Index’s economic effects, with an emphasis on Indonesia. The study found that effective implementation of the Index in the Blue Economy could increase the ocean economy’s contribution to East Nusa Tenggara’s GDP by at least 2–3%.