Application of additional substances in the complex of protective measures of spring wheat

Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture for Northern Trans-Ural Region - Branch of Federal State Institutions Federal Research Centre Tyumen Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Burlaki street, Moskowskiy, Tyumen district, Tyumen region, 625501 Russian Federation

^* Corresponding author: timofeev_vn2010@mail.ru

Abstract

These studies are aimed at studying the effect of such preparations as Biogenic iron, Silicon, humic preparation Rostok applied during vegetation in the tillering phase against the background of chemical protection on plant development and yield of spring wheat in the conditions of forest-steppe of the Northern Trans-Urals. In the process of experiments phytosanitary load of seeds with the content of infectious beginning 20-30%, damage of plant roots by fusarium-helminthosporiosis infection in the soil with the spread of the disease 8%, disease development up to 3% were taken into account. The excess of biometric indices in tillering phase was observed in the variant of chemical fungicide application on seeds, where leaf development exceeded other variants by 0.8 cm. Flag leaf development with exceeding the variants by 3-4 cm was observed with application of Biogenic Iron (BioFeCo) in pure form and in mixture with humic preparation Rostok. Biometrics conducted in the phase of filling - milk ripeness determined the effect of variants with humic preparations and their mixtures with Biogenic iron (BioFeCo), silicon (SiO₂) on the increase in stem weight by 3-6 g, leaf weight by 1.0-1.7 g, ear weight by 1.0 g. Yield under the conditions of the year was 4.4-4.7 t/ha, no reliable increase in yield was not provided by any variant, but some exceeded the control in the variants biogenic iron (BioFeSo), Biogenic iron mixed with sprout (0.13 t/ha). The results of structural analysis show an increase in the values of the variants of application of Biogenic Iron (BioFeCo) in pure form and in mixture with humic preparation Rostock, so the number of spikelets 11-13.4 pcs, spike length 7.2-8.3 cm, number of grains in the spikelet 23-31 pcs, grain weight from 25 stems 27-37 g, weight of 1000 grains 34-42 g and biological yield 4.7-7.7 t/ha. Grain quality indicators did not have significant changes in the variants and the grain had a high gluten content. The studies show a positive effect on the development of spring wheat plants during the growing season with moisture deficit and excessive temperatures of the studied preparations Biogenic iron (BioFeSo), humic preparation Rostock.