Improvement of lifetime and post-mortem diagnostics of trichinellosis in animals of the Suidae family (comparative study)

¹ Vyatka State Agrotechnological University", 610000 Kirov, Russia
² All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant - a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Centre VIEV", 124500 Moscow, Russia
³ FSBEI HE Kirov SMU MOH, 610000 Kirov, Russia
⁴ Nizhny Nvogorod State Agrotechnological University, 603117 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
⁵ Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia

^* Corresponding author: beoli@mail.ru

Abstract

Trichinosis is one of the most dangerous helminthozoonoses. Methods of compressor trichinelloscopy and peptolysis of animal muscle tissue in artificial gastric juice used for postmortem diagnosis of trichinosis are reliable enough to identify sources of infection and prevent the development of helminthiasis in humans. In addition to these methods, indirect solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and crystalloscopy were used. Meat juice samples obtained from domestic pigs from various regions of the Russian Federation and wild boars were used as the tested biological material. The formulation of ELISA and crystalloscopy, accounting and interpretation of the results obtained were carried out according to the classical method: the result was considered positive, exceeding the negative control by 0.08 units or more in optical density. The specificity of ELISA in all animals with heterologous invasion was 98%, hydrosol-hydrogel reactions - 80% and crystalloscopy - 75%. These methods can be used for testing for trichinosis, but the examination should be comprehensive: immunological and crystallographic methods should be confirmed by compressor trichinelloscopy and peptolysis using artificial gastric juice. Currently, in the system of veterinary and sanitary measures for trichinosis, there is a change in the structure of the sources of invasion. The probability of human infection with hunting products is higher than when eating pork obtained from meat processing enterprises. Therefore, field trichinelloscopic control in the field (CT, HH etc.) occupies a leading place in diagnostics. Thus, the development of portable equipment for veterinary examination and the training of hunters in basic trichinelloscopy skills, as well as the improvement of the formulation and accounting of crystalloscopy and НН are becoming extremely relevant.