Energy Conversion Technology of Fuel Cells on Ships to Mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emissions

¹ Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, Indonesia
² Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Maritime Technology, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, Senggarang, Tanjungpinang 29100, Indonesia
³ University of Zagreb, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, Ivana Lučića 5, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia

^* Corresponding author: hilfipardi@umrah.ac.id

Abstract

Greenhouse gas emissions are something that contribute to climate change, which is getting hotter and causing concern for the condition of the earth. The shipping sector is a major cause of greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for 2.89% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and 919 million tonnes of CO2 emissions. This research aims to present different types of fuel cells that can be applied to different vessels. System Literature Review (SLR) is the method in this study to review the data sources obtained with a range of publications in 2019-2024. The result of this review is the acquisition of 2 types of fuel cells that can be used in 8 ships. The types of fuel cells are SOFC and PEMFC. Each fuel cell produces a high percentage of eficiency. Both fuel cells can be integrated into other technologies such as GT, ORC, SRC, and ICE. The companies that support the development of this fuel cell are KC, WHB, MCFC, PAFC, DEC, and LT. Therefore, fuel cells have high potential to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions due to marine transport.