Sustainable index of giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) in Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province

Department of Social-Economic, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru 28293 Riau, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: hazmi.arief@lecturer.unri.ac.id

Abstract

Rokan Hilir Regency is a strategically important coastal region for the development of fisheries and marine resources. Sustainable management of capture fisheries is essential for supporting fishing communities, advancing national interests, and achieving broader sustainable development goals, including meeting diverse consumption needs. This research aimed to evaluate the sustainability status and identify leverage factors that supported the sustainability of giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) resources in Rokan Hilir Regency. The study used a survey method, utilizing structured interviews to gather data on ecological, economic, social, institutional, and technological aspects. A multidimensional scaling (MDS) approach, utilizing the Rapfish technique, indicates that giant tiger prawn are less sustainable, with the following sustainability indices: social (55.70), institutional (52.88), ecological (47.76), economic (46.70), and technological (46.48). Key leverage factors for enhancing sustainability include the range of fishing areas, labor absorption, socialization in fishing practices, gear selectivity, fishing aids, and democratic policymaking processes.