Forest reclamation complexes in the Central Black Earth Region of Russia

Voronezh State Forestry University named after G.F. Morozova, 394036, Voronezh, Russia

^* Corresponding author: dr.mikhin2018@yandex.ru

Abstract

Forest reclamation complexes in the conditions of the Central Chernozem Region of Russia form a special microclimate in the forest-agrarian landscapes of the Central Russian Upland and the Oka-Don Plain, occupying an area of about 600 thousand hectares. The growth of the main forest-forming species (drooping birch, balsam poplar, common oak, green ash, common elm) is predetermined by zonal soil conditions and a set of cultivation techniques. The average growth in height of fast-growing species in the middle-aged period on chernozems is 0.63-0.79 m/year. To form their effective structures, the placement of planting sites should be taken with an initial density of 2666-3334 pcs/ha. Linear protective plantings in agricultural territories during the growing season contribute to an increase in the relative and absolute humidity of the ground air layer by 0.9 - 4.7% and reduce the temperature by 0.4 - 1.6 °C. Such differences are especially pronounced during the daytime. The forest cover of arable land by 3.25% with protective plantings is the optimal indicator for the formation of forest reclamation systems. In the near-strip zones of forest belts, as a result of melioration changes, an increase in the biological yield of grain crops by 8.1-19.5% is noted, which is important when using ecological-landscape farming in a changing climate.