Socio-economic environment of Nanai and Udege people living (Russian Far East)

Pacific Institute of Geography, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 7, Radio Street, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia

^* Corresponding author: anna-sukhoveeva@yandex.ru

Abstract

The problem of settling and preserving the population is one of the most important for the eastern regions of Russia. All regions of the Far East are characterized by various natural and socio-economic factors and different population sizes. These regions differ significantly in their ability to provide favorable living conditions. The goal is to study the features of the socio-economic environment of three municipal districts in which the significant part of the indigenous aboriginal peoples of the Udege and Nanai live. These are the Nanai and Lazo districts of the Khabarovsky Krai, and the Pozharsky district of the Primorsky Krai. It was revealed that natural movement dynamics of population in the districts differs slightly from each other. It is shown that named municipal districts have significant differences in settlements characteristics, standards of population living and socio-economic development of the territory. The Lazo district has the worst position in population dynamics. The Pozharsky district has the most favorable geographical position among three studying districts. It is located in the center of the most developed part of the Far East, has relatively diversified complex of industries «reinforced» by transport and logistics communications. This contributes to greater development of the district and the quality of life of the population. The Nanai district of Khabarovsky krai has a large number of social infrastructure institutions. Ethnic self- awareness and traditional nature management of the Nanai people are supported and developed with an emphasis on river fishing.