Analysis of settlement distribution in relation to landslide hazard areas in Pamijahan, Bogor Regency

Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, IPB University, 16116 Bogor, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: heriansyahptr@apps.ipb.ac.id

Abstract

A landslide hazard map is a useful tool for assessing and mitigating slope instability. Landslides are influenced by static factors (soil type, permeability, topography), and dynamic factors (rainfall, land cover changes). Recently, the number of developing areas has increased to meet population growth; thus, the presence of landslide hazard maps has become crucial to avoid residents developing in prone areas. This study developed a map of the settlement distribution within landslide-prone zones in Pamijahan, Bogor Regency. It assesses the feasibility of residential areas by classifying them as feasible, conditionally feasible, and not feasible. Data collection began with landslide hazards, land use, and slope topography maps. Spatial data analysis was conducted using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to evaluate settlement distributions against landslide hazard zones and slope gradients. The Pamijahan District consists of 48.64% moderate-risk, 44.92% low-risk, and 6.44% high-risk landslides. The study also found that 86.17% of settlements were located in feasible areas, 12.25% were conditionally feasible, and 1,6% were not feasible for residential areas. This study emphasize the need for spatial planning that incorporate land use control, slope stabilization, restoration of protected areas and disaster awareness program as part of landslide mitigation efforts.