Morphological, physiological responses of tomato varieties cultivated in soils of the Bukhara

¹ Karshi State University, Karshi, 700000, Uzbekistan
² Bukhara State University, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
³ Samarkand Agroinnovation's and Research University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan

^* Corresponding author: s.r.sharopova@buxdu.uz

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study of a collection of local and introduced early, mid-early and mid-ripening tomato hybrid varieties in terms of growth rate, development, formation of leaf surface area, tops, root system, photosynthetic potential, fruit formation, productivity indicators, total and marketable yield by harvest, coefficient adaptability. On their basis, tomato hybrid varieties were isolated from the early-ripening group; from other studied groups, they were tall, branched, with a high leaf surface area, powerful tops, root system and productivity. The hybrid varieties Tomsk F1, Bobcat Fl, Lojain Fl, Seraj F1 were especially distinguished by these indicators, in which the plant height was 71.3–80.2 cm, leaf surface area 0.67–0.70 m², root weight 124–144 g, tops 473–574 g, fruit yield per bush 1734.1–2579.5 g. It was revealed that the greatest photosynthetic potential in crops was observed in the hybrid varieties Tomsk F1 (1675.6 thousand m² ha⁻¹ x day), Bobcat F1 (1644.0 thousand m² ha⁻¹ x day), Seraj F1 (1693.2 thousand. m² ha⁻¹ x day), Red stone (1941.2 thousand m² ha⁻¹ x day), Wolverine F1 (1841.8 thousand m² ha⁻¹ x day), Torrecotta F1 (1726.1 thousand m² ha⁻¹ x day day), Pink trind F1 (2252.3 thousand m² ha⁻¹ x day). The highest adaptability coefficient was in the hybrid varieties Tomsk F1 (1.49), Bobcat F1 (1.28), Seraj F1 (1.22), Red stone (1.40), Pink trind F1 (1.16), in which the yield was 44.0–109.8 t/ha.