Beyond Bycatch: A Socio-Ecological Assessment of Mobulid Rays Fisheries in Banyuwangi

¹ Coastal and Marine Resource Management Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, 16680 Bogor, Indonesia
² Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, IPB University, 16680 Bogor, Indonesia
³ Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies, IPB University, 16143 Bogor, Indonesia
⁴ Yayasan Konservasi dan Penelitian Pari Mobula (Mobula Project Indonesia), 68472 Banyuwangi, Indonesia
⁵ The Manta Trust, DT1 Dorchester, United Kingdom
⁶ Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency, 14430 Ancol Timur, North Jakarta, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: mgsalim95@gmail.com

Abstract

Mobulids rays play a crucial role in the pelagic marine ecosystem as filter feeders, regulating nutrient flow. However, they are often caught as bycatch in gillnet fishing gear due to occupying the same niche as other pelagic fish. In Banyuwangi, these fish hold economic value, prompting this research to investigate their bycatch status. Data collection involved daily landing records, direct observations, and interviews with 45 fishers, 4 collectors, and local government representatives over a year (April 2023–March 2024). Results showed mobulid rays accounted for 23.98% of total gillnet fishers’ biomass. Social-Ecological Network Analysis (SENA) indicated mobulid rays, fishers, gillnets, and collectors had high degree values, highlighting their importance. The strongest connection was between fishers and fishing activities, as shown by the highest betweenness value. Generalized Linear Models (GLM) analysis revealed a significant correlation (0.7664) between mobulid ray prices and bycatch. Additionally, bycatch increased when target fish availability declined, indicated by a negative coefficient. This study emphasizes the ecological and economic significance of mobulid rays in Banyuwangi’s fisheries.