Grassing-down technology as the main direction of reclamation and improvement of feed quality in the Non-Black Soil Zone of the Russian Federation

¹ FSBEI HE Bryansk State Agrarian University, Bryansk, Russia
² FSBEI HE Bryansk State University named after academician I.G. Petrovsky, Bryansk, Russia

^* Corresponding author: snpotsepai@yandex.ru

Abstract

For the conditions of the Non-Black Soil Zone of the Russian Federation, the features characterizing sown meadows in the place of fallow lands formed as a result of phytorehabilitation measures are considered. The purpose of the article is to analyze the development of sown meadows and the bioinert component in place of fallow phytocenoses when using grass mixtures from various types of herbaceous plants. The results of four-year observations of the development of grass cover variants on sown meadows in experimental variants from Festuca pratense Huds., Medicago varia, Trifolium pratense L., Bromopsis inermis, Lolium perenne showed an increase in sod thickness, the development of a microbial cellulosolytic complex, yield, herbage density, and humus content. Further development of grassing-down technology is needed, especially in the direction of accelerating demutation allogeneic successions. The time frame of dynamic phenomena is quite long, therefore, based on the results obtained, additional remediation measures can be recommended: additional fertilization, moistening, removal of segetal and ruderal species and seeding of new species into the sod to create a mosaic, reduce competitive relations, and accelerate mineralization processes. The main way to solve the issue of managing regenerative successions in fallow lands is to form heterogeneity of the meadow biocenosis with the entire arsenal of agro technical and agro–reclamation tools, considering the leading role of biosimilar factors preserved from the agricultural use process.