Comparison of the Decolorization of Batik Sujo Wastewater Using Indigenous Wood Rot Fungi Mycelioptora thermophila KLUM1 with Phanerochaete chrysosporium by Solid-State Fermentation (SSF) Methods

¹ Biotechnology Program, Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, 65145, Malang, Indonesia
² Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, 65145, Malang, Indonesia

Abstract

The indigenous Wood Rot Fungi (WRF) Mycelioptora thermophila is known to produce ligninase enzymes and can degrade textile dyes. This study aimed to compare the adaptability, decolorization efficiency, and ligninase enzyme production of M. thermophila isolates with Phanerochaete chrysosporium on Sujo batik wastewater, also to determine the characterization of Sujo batik wastewater quality standards before and after solid-state fermentation (SSF) treatment using M. thermophila. Adaptability was assessed by monitoring fungal cell numbers in media with various concentrations of batik wastewater over 28 days. Decolorization and ligninase (LiP, MnP, and laccase) activity were measured during SSF using sawdust as substrate. Results showed that M. thermophila had superior adaptability and decolorization ability (73.6%) compared to P. chrysosporium (63.8%) on day 14. M. thermophila produced LiP (10.22 U/mL), MnP (13.33 U/mL), and laccase (8.91 U/mL), while P. chrysosporium showed lower MnP and laccase activity. Mycoremediation using M. thermophila significantly improved wastewater quality, reducing pH (from 11.6 to 6.8), BOD (3140 to 2036 mg/L), COD (11,600 to 6350 mg/L), TSS (3376 to 87.2 mg/L), total Cr (0.7 to <0.0168 mg/L), and increasing LC50 values (28.91 to 49.93 mL/L). These results demonstrate the potential of M. thermophila in sustainable batik wastewater treatment.