| Issue |
BIO Web Conf.
Volume 185, 2025
The International Symposium on Marine and Fisheries (SYMARFISH 2025)
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 03001 | |
| Number of page(s) | 13 | |
| Section | Aquatic Pollution and Ecotoxicology | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202518503001 | |
| Published online | 14 August 2025 | |
Rotenone concentration analysis of tuba root extract and toxicity test on tilapia fish
1 Environmental Science Program, Graduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
3 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
4 Forensic Laboratory, Regional Police of South Sulawesi, Makassar, Indonesia.
5 Department of Social Economics of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
6 Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
7 Department of Fishery, Cokroaminoto University of Makassar, Tamalanrea, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
8 Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University Makassar, Indonesia.
* Corresponding author: usmanunhas033221006@gmail.com
The tuba plant (Derris elliptica) contains rotenone, a toxic compound traditionally used to catch fish. This study aims to analyze rotenone content in tuba root extract and test its toxicity to tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Extraction was done by immersion method using chloroform solvent, and rotenone content analysis was done using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). The analysis results showed that tuba roots from Damma Hamlet, Bonto Matinggi Village, Maros Regency contained rotenone at 0.4276%. Toxicity tests were conducted with variations in extract masses of 0 g (control), 0.1 g, 0.5 g, 1 g, 5 g, and 10 g dissolved in 10 liters of water. Parameters observed included anesthesia time, recovery time, and fish survival rate. At a dose of 0.1 g, fish experienced mild anesthesia and could recover. However, at doses of 0.5 g to 10 g, all fish could not survive. Increasing the mass of the extract accelerated the anesthetization time but decreased the survival rate significantly. These results indicate that tuba root extract is toxic to fish and can serve as a reference in the wise use of tuba for traditional fishing activities.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2025
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