The relationship between self-compliance and asthma control level on the quality of life of pediatric asthma patients

Study Program of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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Abstract

The global prevalence of asthma continues to increase, with children being the most affected group. Treatment adherence plays a crucial role in controlling symptoms, reducing recurrence, and improving patients' quality of life. This study examined the relationship between treatment adherence, asthma control, and quality of life among pediatric patients at Respira Yogyakarta Lung Hospital. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted in the hospital's outpatient clinic from November 2024 to February 2025. Participants were children aged 1-17 years diagnosed with asthma within the past year, those with other respiratory disorders were excluded. Data were collected using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8), the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ), and the Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ). Seventy-seven pediatric patients participated, most showed poor adherence (46.8%) and uncontrolled asthma (63.6%), while 62,3% reported a moderate quality of life. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant correlation between adherence (χ²=31.85, p<0.05) and asthma control with quality of life (χ²=48.19, p<0.05). In conclusion, adherence to treatment and asthma control significantly influence the quality of life of pediatric asthma patients. These findings indicate that higher adherence to asthma treatment and better control levels are associated with an improved quality of life among pediatric patients.