Analysis of the UV-VIS Spectra and FWHM for Biogenic Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Piper Betel L. Leaves Extract

Department of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Institute of Engineering & Management, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Currently, studies on green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) applying plant extracts as reducing agents are developing rapidly. This methodology is very cost-effective and eco-friendly. Piper Betel L. is one of the medicinal plants used for the biosynthesis of CuO NPs. In our study, the biosynthesis of CuO NPs was conducted using different volume ratios of the plant extract and CuSO₄ with increasing reaction times. According to the outcomes of the phytochemical test, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, and saponins are present in betel leaf extract. These phytochemicals act as a reducing agent, reducing Cu²⁺ to Cu⁰. Color change was observed from the blue solution to a deep greenish brown with increasing the reaction time. From UV-Visible spectra, the highest wavelength was observed at 292nm, which proves the formation of copper oxide nanoparticles. Due to surface plasmon resonance (SPR), these spectra got sharper with increasing reaction time and different volume ratios of plant extract and CuSO₄. The particular shape and size of CuO NPs are indicated by the formation of multiple absorption peaks in the UV-Visible spectra. These green-synthesized copper nanoparticles show antimicrobial and anticancer properties for human health. They also contain antioxidants to reduce oxidative stress. Due to their small size, they are widely used to prepare nanomedicine to control drug release.