HSPA1A in Pan-Cancer: From Molecular Regulation to Clinical Potential

West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China

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Abstract

This study conducted a pan-cancer systematic analysis of HSPA1A to elucidate its role in cancer progression and clinical application potential. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that HSPA1A regulates key cancer-related pathways including protein folding, protein transport, and antigen processing and presentation. Dysfunction of HSPA1A may result in abnormal intracellular protein aggregation, impaired secretion of proteins, and tumor immune evasion. Pan-cancer expression profiling revealed heterogeneous expression patterns across different cancer types, with its expression levels correlated with survival in certain cancer patients, suggesting potential as a cancer biomarker. Functional studies in mouse models demonstrated that HSPA1A knockout induces alterations in cancer-related pathway gene expression and specific molecular function enrichment, further validating its regulatory role in cancer-associated pathways. Furthermore, mutation analysis revealed high mutational burden of HSPA1A in cancer, with specific hotspot regions and clusters of pathogenic mutations, and distinct mutation patterns across different cancer types. This study multidimensionally elucidates the mechanism and clinical significance of HSPA1A in pan-cancer, providing a theoretical basis for future cancer diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and therapeutic target development.