Daily water quality fluctuations and plankton abundance on integrated rice and tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) cultivation pond

¹ Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia
² Research Organisation Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Abstract

Integrated rice and tiger shrimp cultivation in ponds aims to reduce the risk of crop failure, increase productivity and farmer income. This study aims to determine daily water quality fluctuations in ponds used for integrated rice and tiger shrimp cultivation in Barru Regency, South Sulawesi Indonesia. The ponds have been intruded by seawater. Daily water quality observations were conducted in 3 ponds/rice fields with PL 45 tiger shrimp and 3 ponds/rice fields with PL 25 tiger shrimp. The stocking density of tiger shrimp in the expansion ponds was 4 shrimp/m2. The distribution of shrimp seeds in the ponds was carried out 14 days after planting the rice varieties INPARI 34/INPARI 35. The rice was fertilized using urea, ponska, and SP.36. During the cultivation period, the shrimp were fed commercial feed at a dose of 5-3% of the biomass weight. Water quality variables were measured directly at 4-hour intervals from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 a.m. the next day. The results showed that the pond water temperature ranged from 24.83-34.30 oC, dissolved oxygen 0.43-15.51 mg/L, salinity 1.03-1.53 ppt and water pH 9.04-10.11 were still tolerable by tiger shrimp and rice plants. The results of plankton identification in pond A were dominated by phytoplankton Nitzschia sp. (73,108 ind./L) and zooplankton Copepoda sp. (3,603 ind./L) while in pond B it was dominated by phytoplankton Oscillatoria sp. (68,010 ind./L) and zooplankton Euplotes sp. (2,857 ind./L).