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Table 4.
Handspring forward joint angles kinematics in repeated research.
| Kinematic parameters | Gymnast | Knee joint | coxofemoral (hip) joint | humeral joint | ulnar joint |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Joint angle, degree | Highly qualified | 168,1°±2,7° | 160,1°±17,3° | 193,7°±6,7° | 179,1°±3,7° |
| Junior | 165.0°±3,0° | 162.5°±17,5° | 191.4°±8,4° | 175.0°±2,9° | |
| T‐test | p>0,05 | p>0,05 | p>0,05 | p>0,05 | |
| Angular velocity, rad/s | Highly qualified | ‐0,48±0,2 | ‐2,94±0,4 | ‐1,06±0,03 | 0,15±0,4 |
| Junior | ‐0,42±0,4 | ‐2,8±0,9 | ‐1,03±0,04 | 0,2±0,2 | |
| T‐test | p>0,05 | p>0,05 | p>0,05 | p>0,05 | |
| Angular acceleration, rad/s2 | Highly qualified | ‐0,62±5,2 | 4,62±4,9 | ‐0,96±6,4 | ‐2,01±5,2 |
| Junior | ‐1,1±5,4 | 5,49±4,9 | ‐0,54±6,2 | ‐0,32±6,2 | |
| T‐test | p>0,05 | p>0,05 | p>0,05 | p>0,05 | |
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