Comparative effectiveness of means to reduce negative effects of lead, cadmium and nitrates

All-Russian Research Institute for Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal State Budget Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 123022, Russia

^* Corresponding author: ns2008p@mail.ru

Abstract

According to the constant deterioration of the environmental situation, the issue of preserving health of agricultural animals and obtaining safe livestock products is acute. One of the most effective ways to reduce the accumulation and ecotoxicants impact is pharmacological drugs usage and feed additives with different mechanisms of action. A comparative assessment of various agents exposed to heavy metals and nitrates in laboratory animals is presented. It was found that using feed with an increased content of heavy metals and nitrates increased the level of ecotoxicants in the organs and tissues of animals. Solvimin selenium enabled to reduce the accumulation of cadmium and lead in organism (up to 45 %), restore the normal amount of hemoglobin and the summation threshold, animals’ weight, protein and carbohydrate metabolism. However, it did not restore the indicators of the liver and kidneys functional state. The use of laricarvit showed a fairly high protective efficiency in removing cadmium (25– 30 %) and reducing the nitrates accumulation in the blood and muscles, normalizing the body weight of animals, the number of white blood cells, lymphocytes and methemoglobin. Detox injections successfully reduced the content of nitric nitrogen in the blood, in the liver and, to some extent, in the kidneys, while complete normalization of blood parameters was not observed.