Winter hard wheat in Kursk Region

FSBSI “Federal Agricultural Kursk Research Center” 70b, Karl Marx St., Kursk, 305021, Russia

^* Corresponding author: emeiyanova.a87@mail.ru

Abstract

Kursk Federal Agricultural Research Center, together with National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko, has been studying and selecting hybrid populations, lines and varieties of hard winter wheat since 2012. Since 2017, they have been studied for ecological plasticity and the presence of economically valuable features when cultivating in the Central Chernozem Region (Kursk Region) varieties of winter hard wheat bred by FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”on the basis of agreements on creative and scientific cooperation. At this stage of research, a large number of seedlings of winter hard wheat were tested, of which the most promising ones were identified. Using highly effective methods of ecological selection and having worked out breeding material in the environmental breeding laboratory of Kursk FARC, research data for 2018-2020. on yield, resistance to creep, overwintering, crop structure (height of plants, number of plants, number of stems, number of productive stems, total bush, productive bush, mass of 1000 grains, length of main spike, number of grains in main spike, weight of grain from one plant) and grain quality, on the basis of which grades and lines of winter hard wheat are evaluated. Over the years of research, weather conditions have developed in a variety of ways. Adverse environmental factors made it possible to better assess the level of adaptability of the studied sorto samples to abiostresses. In this regard an important task of joint breeding, is to increase environmental sustainability, the ability to ensure high stable yields in the soil and climatic conditions of the cultivation region.