Combinational ability of crossing components and heterosis of F1 hybrids of sugar sorghum by biomass yield

FSBSI Russian Research and Design-Technological Institute of Sorghum and Corn, 1-y Institutskiy Passage, 4, Saratov, Russia

^* Corresponding author: kibalnik79@yandex.ru

Abstract

Currently, the most promising direction of breeding is the creation of F1 hybrids of sugar sorghum, based on the identification and selection of parental forms with high combinational ability. The source material and F1 hybrids were grown in the arid conditions of the Saratov Right Bank (Russia): the hydrothermal coefficient during the growing season was 0.68. The evaluation of the combinational ability of crossing components was carried out using the topcross method. As a result of the tests, the L-52/13 line was identified with high GCA effects (15.71), and the highest SCA dispersions were found in the Saratovskoe 90 variety and the L-39/12 line (91.80-189.27). It was found that the type of sterile cytoplasm of iso-nuclear CMS-lines had a significant impact on the manifestation of SCA in terms of biomass yield: higher dispersion indicators were noted in 9E Zheltozernoye 10 (36.66). Genes with an additive effect are involved in the genetic control of this trait in paternal forms, and non-additive genes in maternal forms. In addition, each hybrid combinationwas observed with superdomination: the coefficient of phenotypic dominance varied from 2.01 to 18.91. It is advisable to use the obtained information in the hybridization of sugar sorghum to obtain high-heterosis hybrids.