Application of liquid and water-soluble special fertilizers and biostimulators in agropedocenoses of the forest-steppe zone

Kursk State Agricultural Institute named after I.I. Ivanov, Kursk, Russian Federation

e-mail: leo-levshakov@yandex.ru

Abstract

The value of foliar dressing is presented to achieve the maximum productivity of cultivated crops in agropedocenoses of the forest-steppe zone of the Russian Federation. When cultivating apple orchards in perennial agropedocenoses according to intensive technologies, the optimization of the nutritional regime is one of the most significant factors in obtaining a stably high crop yield of high-quality fruits. To fully provide apple trees with nutrient elements and growth biostimulators during the growing season, it is necessary to use special fat and water-soluble fertilizers and growth biostimulators. Most effectively, they are applied along the leaf surface as a foliar dressing. The leaf surface systems we developed and tested include the introduction of macro-, meso- and microelements and biological stimulating agents. The latter include various groups and types of amino acids, root, growth and development, flowering and setting, ripening and staining stimulating agents. The use of an integrated foliar dressing system has made it possible to provide the most complete need for apple trees with the necessary nutrients and compounds during the entire growing season. The obtained experimental data showed a high efficiency in changing a balanced system of foliar dressing in an intensive apple orchard. Compared to the control, there was a significant increase in the growth activity of the central conductor and fruit wood. Fruit setting rates, caliber and weight of apples and therefore more than 95% of the yield corresponded to the highest and first grade. The yield increased significantly compared to the control, it was from 28 to 66% for varieties and variants. Experimental studies showed high efficiency of foliar dressing with special fertilizers and growth biostimulating agents.