Issue |
BIO Web Conf.
Volume 56, 2023
43rd World Congress of Vine and Wine
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 04001 | |
Number of page(s) | 10 | |
Section | Safety and Health | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20235604001 | |
Published online | 24 February 2023 |
Le secteur viticole face au défi alimentaire mondial : intérêt de la protection des vignobles de forte pente, peu valorisables pour les cultures vivrières
The wine sector faced with the global food challenge: The importance of protecting steeply sloping vineyards that are not suitable for food crops
Vitis Planet, 10320 Bouilly, France
* Corresponding author: rochard.joel@gmail.com
Les vignobles de forte pente sont le plus souvent issus d'un savoir-faire ancestral, reconnu au titre du patrimoine mondial Unesco pour le savoir-faire de construction en pierres sèches, sont parfois menacés en raison notamment de surcoûts de production des raisins, du manque de main-d’œuvre et du renforcement des aspects réglementaires. Ce type de viticulture comporte une forte valeur qualitative et de nombreuses externalités notamment patrimoniales et écologiques. L'abandon de ces vignobles contribue à une perte de biodiversité locale, à un abandon de ces territoires ruraux, à une augmentation des risques d'incendie et parfois de ruissellement et d'érosion, parallèlement à la perte de valeur patrimoniale, support de l'œnotourisme. Vis-à-vis du changement climatique, il est important de souligner que ces territoires contribuent à un stockage de carbone généralement supérieur à celui des espaces naturels. Enfin, l'augmentation de la population mondiale et la diminution des rendements agricoles aboutiront probablement au cours des prochaines décennies à un défi pour assurer une sécurité alimentaire au niveau planétaire, d'où l'importance pour le secteur viticole de conserver ces zones de production peu valorisables pour les productions vivrières.
Abstract
Vineyards on steep slopes are often the result of ancestral know-how, recognised as a Unesco World Heritage site for their dry stone construction know-how, and are sometimes threatened by the additional costs of producing grapes, the lack of manpower and the tightening of regulations. This type of viticulture has a high qualitative value and numerous externalities, particularly in terms of heritage and ecology. The abandonment of these vineyards contributes to a loss of local biodiversity, an abandonment of these rural territories, an increase in the risk of fire and sometimes of run-off and erosion, in parallel with the loss of heritage value, which supports wine tourism. With regard to climate change, it is important to emphasise that these areas contribute to a storage of carbon that is generally greater than that of natural areas. Finally, the increase in the world's population and the decrease in agricultural yields will probably lead in the coming decades to a challenge to ensure food security at the global level, hence the importance for the wine sector of conserving these production areas that are not very valuable for food production.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2023
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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