Issue |
BIO Web Conf.
Volume 68, 2023
44th World Congress of Vine and Wine
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 02018 | |
Number of page(s) | 6 | |
Section | Oenology | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20236802018 | |
Published online | 06 December 2023 |
Estudio plurianual del empleo de técnicas enológicas alternativas en la producción de vinos Tannat de Uruguay
Multi-annual study of the application of alternative winemaking techniques in the production of Tannat wines from Uruguay
Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República, Avda. Garzón 780, CP. 12900 Montevideo, Uruguay
Este estudio resume los principales resultados de ensayos realizados en Uruguay con la variedad Tannat durante 25 años. Los vinos de este cultivar son emblemáticos del Uruguay. Tienen una gran tipicidad, con un color y composición polifenólica particulares. Se evaluaron distintas técnicas de vinificación, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de los vinos y mitigar los efectos del cambio climático. Las opciones evaluadas fueron: (I) empleo de enzimas de maceración, (II) maceración pre-fermentativa en frío, (III) extracción diferida de antocianos, (IV) maceración extendida, (V) extracción diferida de antocianos con maceración extendida, (VI) maceración pre-fermentativa en caliente, (VII) empleo de taninos enológicos. Los testigos de cada ensayo fueron vinos elaborados de manera tradicional (MT). La MPC fue la técnica que tuvo mayor impacto en el color y la composición fenólica de los vinos. Los contenidos de antocianos solamente fueron incrementados por la MPC y ENZ. Los contenidos de taninos poliméricos fueron incrementados muy significativamente por MPC, ME y la MPF. A su vez, los mismos tratamientos incidieron significativamente en los contenidos de taninos monoméricos. Los resultados obtenidos fueron diferentes según la técnica de elaboración, respondiendo a los objetivos procurados en cada caso, pero los efectos fueron distintos en cada año. Esto indica que el efecto de cada técnica está condicionado por el clima y su impacto en la composición de la uva.
Abstract
This study summarizes the main results of trials carried out in Uruguay with the Tannat variety for 25 years. The wines of this cultivar are emblematic of Uruguay. They have a great typicity, with a particular color and polyphenolic composition. Different vinification techniques were evaluated, with the aim to improving the quality of the wines and mitigating the effects of the climate change. The options evaluated were: (I) use of maceration enzymes, (II) cold pre-fermentative maceration, (III) delayed extraction of anthocyanins, (IV) extended maceration, (V) delayed extraction of anthocyanins with extended maceration, (VI) hot pre-fermentative maceration, (VII) use of oenological tannins. The controls of each test were wines made in the traditional way (MT). The MPC was the technique that had the greatest impact on the color and phenolic composition of the wines. Anthocyanin contents were only increased by MPC and ENZ. The polymeric tannin contents were very significantly increased by the MPC and the MPF. In turn, the same treatments had a significant impact on the monomeric tannin contents. The results obtained were different according to the winemaking technique, responding to the proposed aims, but the effects in each year were different. This indicates that the impact of each technique was strongly conditioned by the climate and its effect on the composition of the grapes.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2023
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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