Phenotypic of Varieties Chrysanthemum in Lowland Area Cultivation

Department of Plant Breeding, Research Center for Horticultural and Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia

^1* Corresponding author: ridho.kurniati@brin.go.id

Abstract

The Chrysanthemum is a subtropical ornamental plant that is usually grown in highland areas. Indonesia is a tropical area consisting of highland and lowland areas. Chrysanthemum was growing well in highland areas in Indonesia but was not cultivated yet in lowland areas. The research objectives were to evaluate the phenotype of Chrysanthemum varieties in vegetative stadia and assess the survival abilities of the Chrysanthemum varieties in the low area. Four varieties were evaluated and assessed to be cultivated in lowland areas (187.6 meters above sea level). They were Jayani, Sabiya, Swarna Kencana, and Trissa varieties. The experimental design was using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), which consisted of 4 replications, with each replication consisting of 4 varieties, and each variety consisting of 20 plants. The parameters observed were the plant height (cm), number of leaves, leaves width (cm), leaves length (cm), total number of nodes, and internode length (cm). All varieties were adapted and grew well in the lowland area. There were many differences in morphological and quantitative characters in vegetative stadia. Chrysanthemum cv. Swarna Kencana showed the highest plant height in a low area. These varieties also showed the highest survival ability in the lowland area. Swarna Kencana was the Yellow Orange group as consumer preference. It was suggested that chrysanthemums be adapted in the lowland area. The implication of the research was Swarna Kencana could be a genetic resource and germplasm for breeding materials.