Secure Image Encryption using E-Fractal-Based Non-Commutative Group and Hash Function

¹ Technical Institute of Al-Mussaib, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq
² Department of Computer System Techniques, Technical Institute of Najaf, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Najaf, Iraq
³ Department of Emerging Computing, Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
⁴ Department of Computer Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, University of Alkafeel, Najaf, Iraq

^* Corresponding author: fallahnajjar@atu.edu.iq

Abstract

Due to the importance of data security at present, an encryption algorithm based on the principle of non-commutative group, hash function, and E-fractal has been proposed. Key generation depends on the array values generated by the braid group and using them as input to the SHA-3 (256) which increases the strength of the key because it generates values in one direction only. The results of the hash function are determined by the Lorenz hyper-chaotic system initial values, and four image-size arrays are generated as the final image-encryption keys using the RC4 algorithm. Then the use of the E-fractal diffusion method. To bolster the security of the encryption, it is employed to disperse the pixel values., adopting the control word that increases the randomness of the data. The security analysis of the proposed encryption algorithm demonstrates that it is difficult to decipher due to the presence of the hash function in addition to its easy implementation within seconds, and the efficiency scale was calculated that showed its strength in effectively resisting attacks by others.