Analyzed of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of Sengon (Falcataria falcata) Tolerant and Intolerant to Boktor Pests (Xystrocera festiva)

Departement of Silviculture, Ulin St. IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author ulfahjs@apps.ipb.ac.id

Abstract

Sengon is fast growing legume tree that is widely cultivated by community, however threathened by pest attacks, especially Boktor stem borer. This study aims to evaluate the growth of Sengon progeny testing planted in Kediri, under Perhutani State Forest Company, and analyze the relationship between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) markers and the phenotypes regarding their tolerance and intolerance to Boktor pests. The sample consisted of tolerant (R28, R29, R30, R33, and R47) and intolerant (S13, S21, S22, S24, and S25) accessions, with 4 individual replicates for each accession. All samples were genotyped using 4 SNP primers, i.e AAI1, AAI2, TI1 and TI2 applying the High-Resolution Melting (HRM) method at the Forest Genetics Laboratory and Advance Research Laboratory of IPB University. Phenotypic data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, while SNP genotypes were assessed using Chi-square test, visualized in a Manhattan plot, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The disease severity of tolerant and intolerant accessions were 84.33% and 79.64% respectively, which were not significantly different. Three SNP primers gave X2 value higher than 5.99 indicated their association with the tolerant and intolerant traits. Therefore, SNP markers can be used to assist the selection program of sengon that is tolerant to Boktor pests.