Identification of metabolite compounds on Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) roots related to parasitic nematodes of Prathylenchus coffeae

¹ Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute, Jember, East Java, Indonesia
² Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute-Bogor Unit, Bogor City, West Java, Indonesia
³ Indonesian Research Institute for Estate Crops, Bogor City, West Java, Indonesia

^* Corresponding author: arimarsetiowati@gmail.com

Abstract

The Prathylenchus coffeae is a significant plant-parasitic nematodes in Coffea canephora. This study examines the identification of metabolite compounds related to plant defense against parasitic nematodes by extracting C. canephora roots with n-Hexane and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis of the prepared extract. Resistant coffee varieties (BP 308) and susceptible coffee varieties (BP42, BP 409, and BP 358) were used in this study. GC-MS’s data indicates the presence of fortyseven, thirty-nine, fifty, and thirty metabolite compounds in roots of BP 308, BP 42, BP 409, and BP 358, respectively. The principal component analysis (PCA) analysis using the loading plot model was conducted for reliable and accurate discrimination to identify potential metabolite compounds that serve as marker compounds and can distinguish between nematode-resistant and susceptible varieties. The results showed that each coffee variety has different metabolite compound characteristics. BP 409 was characterized by Octadecanal and Tetradecanal, BP 308 by Phenol and Guaiene and BP 358 and BP 42 by Cholest and Patchouli. This study confirmed candidate metabolite markers that differentiate coffee varieties resistant to nematode. Furthermore, the data presented may help develop a new method for detecting resistant and susceptible coffee against nematode attacks caused by Prathylenchus coffeae.