The adaptation of Swiss chard varieties to soil-climate conditions, creation source for breeding

Scientific Research Institute of Vegetables, Melons and Potatoes, Samarkand Scientific Experiment Station, Samarkand, Uzbekistan

^* Corresponding author: ismoyilov.alisher@mail.ru

Abstract

This article presents some important experimental results of the growth, development, productivity, and product quality of chard varieties in the conditions of Uzbekistan. The earliest sample was the Fire Fresh F1 hybrid, and the latest ripening variety was the Izumrud variety. The highest yield in Chard was the highest 38 t/ha in the Krasniy variety. This means 10.9 t/h more than the average yield. The Mirage variety obtained the lowest yield, which is 4.1 t/h less than the average. Also, the productivity of Vulcan and Mirage varieties was equal, i.e. 26t/ha. The weight of one bush of the Krasni variety was 1950 gr. The lowest vegetative mass was 1114 g in the Bright Lights variety. Aliy and Izumrud varieties showed the best results due to their compressibility and elasticity. In the second year of the study, the chard specimens flowered. Flowering first occurred on the 52nd day in the Vulcan variety, and the last on the 63rd day in the Izumrud variety after planting the seed tubers. First, the flowers on the main stem opened, then the flowers on the first and second-order branches. The opening of the flowers starts at 7-8 in the morning. Cross-opening of flowers was observed in the first half of the day. In general, all varieties have high potential and are suitable for cultivation in the conditions of Uzbekistan.